CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ABBREVIATIONS -- part one: introducing the problem -- CHAPTER 1 What Is a Sin? -- CHAPTER 2 A Burden to Be Borne -- CHAPTER 3 A Debt to Be Repaid -- part two: making payment on one's debt -- CHAPTER 4 Redemption and the Satisfaction of Debts -- CHAPTER 5 Ancient Creditors, Bound Laborers, and the Sanctity of the Land -- CHAPTER 6 Lengthening the Term of Debt -- CHAPTER 7 Loans and the Rabbinic Sages -- CHAPTER 8 Early Christian Thinking on the Atonement -- part three: balancing debts with virtue -- CHAPTER 9 Redeem Your Sins with Alms -- CHAPTER 10 Salvation by Works? -- CHAPTER 11 A Treasury in Heaven -- CHAPTER 12 Why God Became Man -- NOTES -- GENERAL INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- INDEX OF ANCIENT SOURCES.