Contents -- Tables and Figures -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Decentralization and the Subnational State -- Two Centuries of Federalism in Brazil, Mexico, and the USA -- The Changing Institutional Capacity of Subnational Government -- Intergovernmental Relations and the Subnational State -- Government and Citizens -- The Past, Present, and Future of Subnational Governments and Federalism -- Notes -- Bibliography -- About the Authors and Collaborators.