Contents -- Preface -- Introduction: Science and the University -- Financing Science and Engineering Research -- 1. Who Bears the Growing Cost of Science at Universities? -- 2. How Does the Government (Want to) Fund Science? -- The Commercialization of Science -- 3. University Science Research Funding: Privatizing Policy and Practice -- 4. Patterns of Research and Licensing Activity of Science and Engineering Faculty -- 5. Commercialization and the Scientific Research Process -- Foreign Students and Scholars -- 6. The Importance of Foreign Ph.D. Students to U.S. Science -- 7. Do Foreign Students Crowd Out Native Students from Graduate Programs -- 8. Foreign Scholars in U.S. Science: Contributions and Costs -- U.S.-Citizen PH.D.s in Science and Engineering -- 9. The Changing Composition of U.S.-Citizen Ph.D.s -- 10. Where Do New U.S.-Trained Science and Engineering Ph.D.s Come From? -- The Changing Competitiveness of U.S. Science and the Organization of Academic Science -- 11. Global Research Competition Affects Measured U.S. Academic Output -- 12. The Workforce for Biomedical Research-Who Will Do the Work? -- Concluding Remarks -- Looking to the Future -- References -- Contributor -- Index.