Cover -- Contents -- Editor's Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- The Purpose of the Project -- Previous Studies -- Bread and the References to Ingestion -- The Gospel of Matthew and Community -- Methodologies -- Metaphor Theory -- Other Methods and Hermeneutic Perspectives -- Overview -- 2. "Bread/Meals" in Second Temple Judaism and Relevant Social Memories -- Food and Meals in Second Temple Judaism -- Food and Meals and Jewish Communal Identity -- Food and Meals in Literature: "Identity Demarcation" -- Social Memories of Bread and Meals -- Passover Meal with "Unleavened Bread" -- Unleavened Bread and Passover -- Ritualization: "Maintaining Identity" -- New Year: "New Beginning" -- Manna: "Bread from Heaven" -- Bread from Heaven -- God's Complete Care -- God who Provides Food: "Nursing Imagery" -- The Breaking of Bread in Human Relationship -- Messianic Banquet -- God Will Provide Again -- The Ultimate Triumph and Vindication -- Bread and the Word of God: "Ideology" -- Female Wisdom and the Gift of Life -- Eating the Bread and the Word of God: "Ideology" -- Synthesis: Bread/Food and Metaphoric Conceptions -- 3. The Metaphor of Bread in Feeding Narratives and Matthean Community -- Bread in the First Feeding Narrative (14:13-21) -- Significant Features of the Narrative -- ἀναχώρεω ("withdrawal") -- Location and Time -- Character of Jesus and the Crowds -- The Metaphoric Meaning of Bread in the First Feeding Narrative -- Not Just for the Satisfaction of Hunger -- The Bread as a Source of Formation of Identity -- The Breaking of Bread: "Actual Formation of Community" -- The Role of the First Feeding Narrative in the Context of Matthew's Gospel -- Fulfillment of Previous Discourses and Teachings of Jesus -- Only for the Lost Sheep of the House of Israel -- The Bread in the Second Feeding Narrative (15:29-39).

Significant Features of the Narrative -- Location: "Mountain" -- Crowds: "Gentile" -- The Breaking of Bread: "Expansion of Matthew's Community" -- Breaking the Boundaries -- Eschatological Banquet: "New Israel" -- The Role of the Second Feeding Narrative in the Context of Matthew's Gospel -- Initial Step of the Second Phase of Jesus' Mission Beyond Israel -- Toward the Great Commission -- Matthean "Bread" and Identity In-between Formative Judaism and Roman Empire -- Deviation from the Conventional Jewish Heritage -- Expansion of Communal Boundaries ("Inclusion of all Minorities and Gentiles") -- Legitimating of Matthean Community: "Ekklesia vs. Their Synagogue" -- Different Interpretations of Torah -- Resistance to the Roman Imperial Ideology -- Provision of God over the Empire -- Meals as Resistance to the Roman Empire -- Messianic Banquet of Zion -- Association Meal Gathering for Social Bonding -- Establishment of the Alternative Kingdom and Ideology -- Matthew as Voluntary Association in the "Third Space" -- Voluntary Association -- Communal Identity in the Third Space -- 4. The Metaphor of Bread toward All Nations: New Covenant and Ideology in "Hybridity" -- The "Bread" and the Canaanite Woman: "Even the Dogs Eat the Crumbs!" -- Significant Features of the Narrative -- Jesus Comes into the District of Tyre and Sidon -- Dialogue Between Jesus and the Woman -- The Dogs and the Canaanite -- The Metaphor of Bread and the Canaanite Woman -- It is all about the Bread: "Debate on the Metaphor of Bread" -- Dogs Eat the Broken Bread -- Prophetic Fulfillment -- The Breaking of Bread: "Breaking Boundaries" -- The Role of the Canaanite Woman in the Context of Matthew's Gospel -- The Bread in Jesus' Last Supper: "This is my Body!" (26:26-29) -- The Metaphor of Bread and Jesus' Last Supper -- Narrative Context of Passover.

Representation of New Communal Identity -- The Metaphor of Bread and Jesus -- This is my Body: του̑τό ἐστιν τὸ σω̑μά μου -- Social Bonding in a New Covenant: "Forming New Identity" -- Breaking the Boundaries: "Heavenly Banquet" -- The Role of Jesus' Last Supper in the Gospel of Matthew: "Ideological Manifesto" -- Matthew's Communal Identity "in-between" Formative Judaism and Roman Empire -- Alteration from the Conventional Perspective of Judaism -- Mission toward All Nations: πάντα τὰ ἔθνη -- The Tensional Division between Jesus' Teaching and that of Jewish Leaders: "Beware of the Yeast of the Pharisees and Scribes" -- Jesus as a New Leader who Provides Life-Giving Source -- Resistance to the Roman Empire -- Jesus as the Agent of God and the Only Life-Giving Source -- New Covenantal Community: "New Ideology" -- Expansion of Boundaries -- Matthew's Community and Hybridity -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography.