Cover -- Table of Contents -- Part I. Introduction -- Chapter 1: Terminology and periodization -- a) Terminological problems -- b) Problems of periodization -- Chapter 2: Before the Reformation -- Part II: Conceptions -- Chapter 1: Reformers, or Salvation -- a) Martin Luther and Lutherans -- b) Philipp Melanchthon -- c) Ulrich Zwingli -- d) John Calvin and Calvinists -- e) Catholic Reformers -- Chapter 2: Humanists, or Understanding -- Chapter 3: Politicians, or "ius resistentiae versus ratio status" -- Part III: Religious Relations in Western European Federal States -- Chapter 1: The Holy Roman Empire -- Chapter 2: The United Provinces of the Northern Netherlands -- Part IV: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania - The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth -- Chapter 1: The Twilight of the Middle Ages -- a) The Kingdom of Poland -- b) The Grand Duchy of Lithuania -- Chapter 2: On the Eve of the Reformation (1520-1548) -- Chapter 3: The Reformation (1548-1573) -- Chapter 4: Political Programmes of the Reformation -- Chapter 5: Equal Rights (1573-1606) -- Chapter 6: Toleration of non-Catholic Minorities (1606-1658) -- Chapter 7: The Belated Catholic Confessionalization After 1658 -- Conclusion.