Contents -- Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction: Activists or Accommodationists? Recasting the Role of African American Educators in the Civil Rights Movement -- An Inconclusive Historical Record -- Alternative Frameworks -- Conventional and Unconventional Activism -- Educational Praxis as Activism -- Activism and Generational Change -- Looking Backward to Move Forward -- Part I: Breaking Ground and Laying the Foundation -- Chapter 1. Pioneering Black Schools Second to None -- Emancipated to Educate -- Birmingham Educators and Booker T. Washington: Parallels and Intersections -- Booker T. Washington's Campaign to Build Black Schools -- Arthur Harold Parker and Birmingham's First Black High School -- Carrie Tuggle, Tuggle Institute, and Colored Women's Clubs -- Indiana Little: Colored Women's Club Activist and Educator -- Founding HBCUS and Normal Schools in Birmingham and Alabama -- From an Epic to a Collective Narrative -- Chapter 2. Organizing for Educational Equity -- The Labyrinth of Black Teachers Associations -- State and National Black Teachers Associations -- Alabama State Teachers Association -- Birmingham's Connection to Black Teachers Associations -- Black Educators' Alliance with NAACP and Teachers Associations -- Birmingham Teacher Salary Equalization Campaign -- Brief History of the NAACP Birmingham Chapter -- Arthur D. Shores: NAACP Attorney and Educator -- Black Teachers Associations' Support for Birmingham Teacher Salary Equalization Cases -- JeffCo Principal William Bolden's Case -- JeffCo Teacher Ruby Jackson Gainer's Cases -- Emory O. Jackson: From Teacher's Desk to Editor's Chair -- Changes on the Horizon -- Chapter 3. Supporting the Movement Inside and Outside of the Schoolhouse -- Brown and Early Struggles to Integrate Birmingham Schools -- Brown's Nine-Year Deferral.

Fred Shuttlesworth and Birmingham Families' School Desegregation Battles -- Fred Shuttlesworth's Family's Fight -- James Armstrong's Family's Fight -- Birmingham Educators' Civil Rights Activism -- Activism Outside of the Schoolhouse -- Activism inside the Schoolhouse -- The Children's Crusade and Black Educators -- HBCUs Civil Rights Activism -- Miles College's Selective Buying Campaign -- Lucius Pitts and HBCU Presidential Activism -- Birmingham School Desegregation Actualized: 1963-1983 -- Four Phases of School Desegregation -- "Crossover Teacher" Transfers -- Accelerations and Reversals -- Brown's Peril and Promise -- Part II: Transitioning and Forging Ahead -- Chapter 4. Relative Activism -- The Pre-Civil Rights and Civil Rights Cohorts -- National and Local Watersheds -- Coming of Age in Birmingham and Alabama -- Close-knit Families, Segregated Lives -- HBCU Experiences -- Activist Trajectory -- Direct and Indirect Involvement in Young Adulthood and College -- Clandestine Support and Silent Protest during Professional Years -- Resistance and Adjustment to Brown Deferred -- Student Advocacy in Segregated and Desegregated Schools -- Liberatory Education and Pedagogy -- Teaching for Liberation -- Debunking the Myth of Black Inferiority -- Preparing White Students for a New Racial Order -- Encountering a New Generation of Students -- Chapter 5. Intergenerational Bridge Building -- The Post-Civil Rights Movement Cohort -- New Problems for a New Generation -- Family and Community Transition -- From Segregation to Integration to Resegregation -- Activism of the Post-Civil Rights Movement Cohort -- Conceptualizations of Activism -- Self-Identification as "Activist" -- Family Socialization and Activism -- Generativity -- Liberatory Education and Pedagogy -- Intergenerational Bridge Builders -- Choosing "Urban" Schools.

Pioneering in Upper-class Suburban Schools -- Hope and Despair for the Post-Hip-Hop Generation -- Arrested Development of Collective Struggles for Institutional Transformation -- From Continuity to Discontinuity? -- Chapter 6. Resurgent Activism? -- Hope for the Future -- So, Where To? -- Educational Equity: The Civil Rights Issue of the Twenty-First Century -- Appendix. Notes on Methodology -- Research Study -- Data Sources -- Participants and Settings -- Study Design -- Data Collection and Analysis -- Protocols -- Research Methods -- Life Course Methods -- Narrative Research -- Archival Research -- Author's Standpoint and Reflexivity -- Chronology -- National Timeline -- Local Timeline -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.