Examination of the visual sensory system -- Anatomy and physiology of the retina and optic nerve: distinguishing retinal from optic nerve disease -- Congenital anomalies of the optic disc -- Topical diagnosis of acquired optic nerve disorders -- Papilledema -- Optic neuritis -- Ischemic optic neuropathies -- Compressive and infiltrative optic neuropathies -- Traumatic optic neuropathies -- Toxic and deficiency optic neuropathies -- Hereditary optic neuropathies -- Topical diagnosis of chiasmal and retrochiasmal lesions -- Central disorders of visual function -- Examination of the pupils, accommodation, and lacrimation -- Disorders of pupillary function, accommodation, and lacrimation -- Examination of ocular motility and alignment -- Supranuclear and internuclear ocular motor disorders -- Nuclear and infranuclear ocular motility disorders -- Disorders of neuromuscular transmission -- Myopathies affecting the extraocular muscles -- Nystagmus and related ocular motility disorders -- Normal and abnormal eyelid function -- Neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of nonorganic disease.