Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Gender Equality, Equity, and Equal Opportunities -- 1 Understanding Gender Equality -- 2 Gender Capability Approach -- 3 Feminist Contribution on Equality Issue -- 4 The International Framework -- 5 The Cross-Cutting Nature of the Gender Issue -- 5.1 Work -- 5.2 Money -- 5.3 Time -- 5.4 Power -- 5.5 Knowledge -- 6 Health and Gender-Specific Medicine -- 7 Male Violence Against Women -- 8 What if There Were Others? -- 9 Final Considerations -- References -- The Complexity of Social Phenomena and the Construction of Indicators -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Complexity and Complex Systems -- 2.1 Complexity: A Possible Definition -- 2.2 Complex Systems and Complex Adaptive Systems -- 3 Measurement in the Social Sciences -- 3.1 Measurement: Definitions and Main Aspects -- 3.2 Measurement in the Social Sciences: Systems of Indicators and Their Construction -- 3.3 Synthesis of Multi-indicators Systems -- 3.4 The Aggregative-Compensative Approach -- References -- The Main Indicators of Gender (in)Equality -- 1 A Brief Overview of Gender (in)Equality Measurement -- 2 The Global Gender Gap Index of the WEF -- 3 The United Nations Gender Development Index -- 3.1 The United Nations Human Development Index -- 3.2 The United Nations Gender Development Index -- 4 The United Nations Gender Inequality Index -- 5 The Gender Equality Index of the European Institute for Gender Equality -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Gender Equality as EU Strategy -- 1 The EU Framework on Gender Equality -- 2 Measuring Gender Equality and Monitoring the Progress of EU Policies -- 2.1 Gender Budgeting: Definition, Objectives, and Developing Steps -- 2.2 Gender Equality Plan (GEP): Definition, Objectives, and Developing Steps -- 2.3 Gender Impact Assessment (Ex Ante Evaluation) -- 3 Ex Post Evaluation of the Gender Impact -- 3.1 Randomised Selection Methods.

3.2 Regression Discontinuity Designs -- 3.3 Difference-in-Differences -- 3.4 Matching -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Other Sources -- Subnational Level Data to Measure Gender (in)Equality in the EU: Opportunities and Limitations of Official Datasets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Datasets for Gender (in)Equality Measurement: The Eurostat Collection -- 2.1 ECHP and EU-SILC -- 2.2 EU-LFS -- 2.3 EU-SES -- 2.4 HETUS -- 2.5 EHIS -- 2.6 On the Integration Among Eurostat Data Sources -- 3 Limitations of Official Datasets for Gender (in)Equality Measurement at the Regional Level in the EU -- 4 From GEI to R-GEI in a Cross-Country Setting -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Comparative Analysis of Regional Gender Disparities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology for Regional Comparative Analysis -- 3 Gender Equality in European Countries -- 4 Regional Typological Analysis -- 4.1 Overall Intercountry Analysis -- 4.2 Intracountry Analysis -- 4.3 Relationship with Other Indicators at the Regional Level -- 5 Conclusions -- Annex (Tables 6 and 7) -- References -- Gender-Responsive Regional Policies: Gender Budgeting -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Gender Budgeting -- 3 Cases Studies: European Countries -- 3.1 Spain -- 3.2 France -- 3.3 Italy -- 3.4 Germany -- 3.5 Regional -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Gender-Responsive Regional Fiscal Policies: The Labour Market -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Gender Gap and Fiscal Policies: Collected Evidence -- 2.1 Early Career -- 2.2 Middle-Aged Careers -- 2.3 Late Careers -- 3 Gender Gaps and Fiscal Policies: A Regional Perspective -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References.