Handbook of Antennas for EMC Second Edition -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Antennas -- 1.1 Requirements of an Antenna for EMC -- 1.1.1 Types of Antennas -- 1.2 Main Characteristics of an Antenna -- 1.2.1 Radiation Resistance -- 1.2.2 Radiation Pattern -- 1.2.3 Main Lobe -- 1.2.4 Sidelobe -- 1.2.5 Front-to-Back Ratio -- 1.2.6 Bandwidth -- 1.2.7 Aperture Size -- 1.2.8 Antenna Correction Factors -- 1.2.9 Polarization -- 1.2.10 Relationships Between the Key Parameters -- References -- Chapter 2 Basic Math for EMC Engineers -- 2.1 Angles -- 2.1.1 Convention for Angles -- 2.2 Basic Trigonometry -- 2.2.1 Reciprocal Trigonometric Functions -- 2.2.2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions -- 2.3 Powers, Indices, and Logarithms -- 2.3.1 Multiplication of Numbers -- 2.3.2 Relationship Between dBm and dBmV -- 2.4 Real and Complex Numbers -- 2.4.1 Addition of Complex Numbers -- 2.4.2 Complex Conjugate -- 2.5 Scalars and Vectors -- 2.5.1 Position Vector -- 2.5.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction -- 2.5.3 Vector Multiplication -- 2.5.4 Phasors -- 2.6 Fourier Analysis and Transforms -- 2.6.1 Fourier Analysis -- 2.6.2 Fourier Transforms -- 2.7 Parameters -- 2.7.1 Mathematical Definition of Parameters -- 2.8 Fundamental Units and Dimensions -- 2.8.1 Checking Formulas by Dimensions -- Chapter 3 Antenna Theory -- 3.1 Unit Vectors -- 3.2 Scalar and Vector Fields -- 3.2.1 Spatial Rates of Change of Scalar and Vector Fields -- 3.2.2 Gradient of a Scalar Field -- 3.2.3 Divergence of a Vector Field -- 3.2.4 Curl of a Vector -- 3.3 Maxwell's Equations -- 3.3.1 Maxwell's First Equation -- 3.3.2 Maxwell's Second Equation -- 3.3.3 Maxwell's third equation -- 3.3.4 Maxwell's Fourth Equation -- 3.4 Boundary Conditions -- 3.4.1 Tangential Component of the Electric Field -- 3.4.2 Tangential Component of the Magnetic Field.

3.4.3 Normal Component of the Electric Field -- 3.4.4 Normal Component of the Magnetic Field -- 3.5 Fields Due to a Radiating Dipole -- 3.5.1 Field Due to a Current Element -- 3.5.2 Fields at Large Distances from Wire Antennas -- 3.6 Power Flux Density for a Plane Wave -- 3.7 Wave Impedance for a Plane Wave -- 3.8 Radiation Resistance -- 3.9 Far Field of Antennas -- 3.9.1 Far Field for Wire Antennas -- 3.9.2 Far Field for Aperture Antennas -- References -- Chapter 4 Antennas for Frequencies Below 1 MHz -- 4.1 Mechanism of Radiation -- 4.2 Near and Far Fields of Antennas -- 4.3 Wave Impedance -- 4.4 Difference Between Receiving and Transmitting Antennas -- 4.5 Small Antennas -- 4.6. Baluns -- 4.7 Radiation Power Factor -- 4.7.1 Operating Efficiency -- 4.8 Matching Antennas -- 4.9 Effective Length and Effective Height -- 4.9.1 Effective Length -- 4.9.2 Effective Height -- 4.10 E-Field Antennas -- 4.10.1 Small Dipole -- 4.10.2 Short Monopoles -- 4.10.3 Ground Plane Dependence -- 4.10.4 Top-Loaded Monopoles -- 4.10.5 Parallel Element E-Field Generator -- 4.11 H-Field Antennas -- 4.11.1 Helmholtz Coils -- 4.11.2 Small Magnetic Loops -- 4.11.3 Single-Turn Shielded Loops -- 4.11.4 Simple Multiturn Loop Probe -- References -- Chapter 5 Antennas for Frequencies Between 1 MHz and 1 GHz -- 5.1 Resonant Monopoles -- 5.2 Discone Antenna -- 5.3 Cavitenna -- 5.4 Resonant and Large Dipoles -- 5.5 Folded Dipoles -- 5.6 Triangular Dipoles -- 5.7 Biconical Antennas -- 5.8 Yagi-Uda Antenna -- 5.9 Frequency-Independent Antennas -- 5.10 Log Periodic Antenna -- 5.11 BiLog® -- 5.12 Helical Antennas -- 5.13 Large and Resonant Loops -- 5.14 Double-Ridged Horn -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 6 Antennas for Frequencies Above 1 GHz -- 6.1 Frequency-Independent Antennas -- 6.2 Band Theory -- 6.3 Log Spiral -- 6.3.1 Modes of Radiation.

6.3.2 Rotation of Radiation Pattern with Frequency -- 6.3.3 Planar Log Spiral -- 6.3.4 Slot Planar Log Spiral -- 6.3.5 Cavity-Backed Spiral -- 6.3.6 Conical Log Spiral -- 6.4 Archimedes Spiral -- 6.4.1 Cavity-Backed Archimedean Spiral -- 6.5 Microstrip Planar Spiral -- 6.6 Discone Antenna -- 6.7 Double-Ridged Horns -- 6.7.1 Waveguide Theory -- 6.7.2 Modes in Square and Rectangular Waveguides -- 6.7.3 Double-Ridged Waveguides -- 6.7.4 Double-Ridged Waveguide Horns -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 7 Calibration of Antennas -- 7.1 Gain -- 7.1.1 Measurement of Gain -- 7.1.2 Purcell's Method -- 7.1.3 Two-Antenna Method -- 7.1.4 Three-Antenna Method -- 7.2 Calculation of Gain -- 7.2.1 E-Plane Sectoral Horn -- 7.2.2 H-Plane Sectoral Horn -- 7.2.3 Gain of a Pyramidal Horn -- 7.3 Example -- 7.3.1 Accurate Method -- 7.3.2 Semi-Accurate Method -- 7.3.3 Approximate Method -- 7.4 Antenna Correction Factor -- References -- Chapter 8 Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurements -- 8.1 Radiated Emissions -- 8.1.1 Differential and Common Mode Radiation -- 8.1.2 Measurement of Radiated Emissions -- 8.1.3 Classes of Computer Equipment -- 8.1.4 Measuring Radiated EMI -- 8.2 Radiated Susceptibility and Immunity -- 8.2.1 Immunity to Radiated Electric Field Strength -- 8.2.2 Immunity to Conducted Radiated Interference -- 8.2.3 Magnetic Field Immunity -- 8.2.4 Immunity to Electrical Fast Transients -- 8.2.5 Immunity to Electrostatic Discharges -- 8.3 Conducted Emissions and Immunity -- 8.3.1 Immunity to Conducted Common- and Differential-Mode Voltages -- 8.4 Shielding Effectiveness of Solid Materials -- 8.4.1 Reflection Loss -- 8.4.2 Absorption Loss -- 8.4.3 Multiple Reflection Loss -- 8.4.4 Total Shielding Effectiveness -- 8.5 Measuring Shielding Effectiveness -- 8.5.1 Magnetic or H-Mode SE Measurements.

8.5.2 Electric or E-Mode SE Measurements -- 8.5.3 Plane Wave SE Measurements -- 8.5.4 Ventilation Holes -- 8.6 Electrostatic Discharge -- 8.6.1 ESD Spectrum -- 8.6.2 Direct and Indirect ESD -- 8.6.3 ESD Models -- 8.6.4 Testing for ESD Susceptibility -- 8.7 Instrumentation -- 8.7.1 Measuring Receivers -- 8.7.2 Spectrum Analyzers -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 9 Theory and Applications of Measurement Sites and Enclosures -- Appendix A List of Acronyms and Abbreviations -- 9.1 TEM Waves -- 9.1.1 Power Flux Density -- 9.1.2 Wave Impedance -- 9.1.3 TEM Transmission Lines -- 9.2 TEM Cells -- 9.2.1 Parallel Stripline Cells -- 9.2.2 Circular Coaxial TEM Cells -- 9.2.3 Rectangular and Square TEM Cells -- 9.3 Modes in Circular Waveguides -- 9.3.1 Cut-Off Waveguide Ventilation Panels -- 9.4 Resonant Cavities -- 9.4.1 Degeneracy -- 9.4.2 Mode Stirrers -- 9.5 Shielded Rooms -- 9.5.1 Unlined Shielded or Screened Rooms -- 9.5.2 Absorber-Lined Chambers -- 9.5.3 Anechoic Chambers -- 9.6 Open Area Test Sites -- 9.6.1 Free-Space OATS -- 9.7 Reverberation Chamber -- 9.7.1 Reverberation Chamber Requirements of EN 61000-4-21 -- 9.7.2 Validation Procedure -- 9.7.3 Testing an EUT -- 9.7.4 Immunity Testing -- 9.8 Radiated Emissions -- 9.8.1 Free-Space Field -- References -- Appendix A -- Appendix B Preferred Scientific Prefixes -- Appendix C List of Scientific Constants -- Appendix D Conductivities of Common Metals -- Appendix E Dielectric Constants and Loss Tangents of Common Materials -- Appendix F Conversion Table for dBμV to μV, dBV, dBW, dBm, and Watts -- Appendix G The Electromagnetic Spectrum -- Appendix H Frequency Band Designations -- Appendix I Conversion Between Gain in dB and Gain as a Linear Ratio Gain in dBi to Linear Gain -- Appendix J The Periodic Table Listed Alphabetically by Chemical Symbol.

Appendix K Magnetic Permeabilities of Common Metals -- Appendix L Polarization Matching Matrix -- Appendix M Resistivities of Common Materials -- Appendix N Radio Frequency Protection Guides For Nonionising Radiation -- Appendix O List of Symbols -- About the Author -- Index.