1 Approximation with Polynomials -- 1.1 Approximation of a function on an interval -- 1.2 Weierstrass’ theorem -- 1.3 Taylor’s theorem -- 1.4 Exercises -- 2 Infinite Series -- 2.1 Infinite series of numbers -- 2.2 Estimating the sum of an infinite series -- 2.3 Geometric series -- 2.4 Power series -- 2.5 General infinite sums of functions -- 2.6 Uniform convergence -- 2.7 Signal transmission -- 2.8 Exercises -- 3 Fourier Analysis -- 3.1 Fourier series -- 3.2 Fourier’s theorem and approximation -- 3.3 Fourier series and signal analysis -- 3.4 Fourier series and Hilbert spaces -- 3.5 Fourier series in complex form -- 3.6 Parseval’s theorem -- 3.7 Regularity and decay of the Fourier coefficients -- 3.8 Best N-term approximation -- 3.9 The Fourier transform -- 3.10 Exercises -- 4 Wavelets and Applications -- 4.1 About wavelet systems -- 4.2 Wavelets and signal processing -- 4.3 Wavelets and fingerprints -- 4.4 Wavelet packets -- 4.5 Alternatives to wavelets: Gabor systems -- 4.6 Exercises -- 5 Wavelets and their Mathematical Properties -- 5.1 Wavelets and L2 (?) -- 5.2 Multiresolution analysis -- 5.3 The role of the Fourier transform -- 5.4 The Haar wavelet -- 5.5 The role of compact support -- 5.6 Wavelets and singularities -- 5.7 Best N-term approximation -- 5.8 Frames -- 5.9 Gabor systems -- 5.10 Exercises -- Appendix A -- A.1 Definitions and notation -- A.2 Proof of Weierstrass’ theorem -- A.3 Proof of Taylor’s theorem -- A.4 Infinite series -- A.5 Proof of Theorem 3 7 2 -- Appendix B -- B.1 Power series -- B.2 Fourier series for 2?-periodic functions -- List of Symbols -- References.