Introduction -- Observations and their analysis -- Random error theory -- Confidence intervals -- Statistical testing -- Propagation of random errors in indirectly measured quantities -- Error propagation in angle and distance observations -- Error propagation in traverse surveys -- Error propagation in elevation determination -- Weights of observations -- Principles of least squares -- Adjustment of level nets -- Precision of indirectly determined quantities -- Adjustment of horizontal surveys: trilateration -- Adjustment of horizontal surveys: triangulation -- Adjustment of horizontal surveys: traverses and networks -- Adjustment of GPS networks -- Coordinate transformations -- Error ellipse -- Constraint equations -- Blunder detection in horizontal networks -- General least squares method and its application to curve fitting and coordinate transformations -- Three-dimensional geodetic network adjustment -- Combing GPS and terrestrial observations -- Analysis of adjustments -- Computer optimization -- Appendix: A. Introduction to matrices -- B. Solution of equations by matrix methods -- C. Nonlinear equations and Taylor's theorem.