Origin of entropy in the work of Clausius -- Entropy in the work of Carathéodory. Absolute temperature -- Entropy in the work of Boltzmann -- Enthalpy and equations of state -- Gases and Rubber -- Statistical thermodynamics -- Entropy and energy in competition -- Planetary atmospheres -- Entropy of mixing. Osmosis -- Phase transition -- Phase diagrams -- Chemical reactions -- Shape memory alloys -- The third law of thermodynamics. Capitulation of entropy -- The zeroth law of thermodynamics — kinetic and thermodynamic temperatures -- Gibbs paradox and degenerate gases -- Thermodynamics of irreversible processes (TIP) -- Radiation thermodynamics -- Dissipative entropy source of the earth -- Socio-thermodynamics — integration and segregation in a population -- History of thermodynamics -- Appendix. Equation of balance -- References and annotations.