Java EE 7 Performance Tuning and Optimization -- Table of Contents -- Java EE 7 Performance Tuning and Optimization -- Credits -- About the Author -- Acknowledgments -- About the Reviewers -- www.PacktPub.com -- Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more -- Why subscribe? -- Free access for Packt account holders -- Preface -- What this book covers -- What you need for this book -- Who this book is for -- Conventions -- Reader feedback -- Customer support -- Downloading the example code -- Downloading the color images of this book -- Errata -- Piracy -- Questions -- 1. Getting Started with Performance Tuning -- Understanding the art of performance tuning -- Understanding performance issues -- Classifying performance issues by the discovery phase -- Requirement phase and design-time issues -- Development-time issues -- Testing-time issues -- Production-time issues -- Classifying performance issues by the root phase -- Requirement phase issues -- Design/architecture phase issues -- Development phase issues -- Testing phase issues -- Operational and environmental-specific issues -- Performance-handling tactics -- Proactive measures (preventive) -- Reactive measures (curative) -- Understanding the different layers of an enterprise application -- The three pillars required for performance tuning -- Define the performance process -- Getting ready with the required performance tools -- Being ready to deal with performance issues at any time -- The cycle of learning -- Tuning yourself before tuning the application -- Be a true leader -- Use your power -- Be responsible -- Trust your team -- Keep it simple -- Respect roles and responsibilities -- Understand the application domain and context -- Protect your reputation -- Standalone applications versus web applications -- The standalone application -- Thick client application - client-server model.

Thin client application - web-based model -- Dealing with web applications' performance tuning -- The two dimensions of web applications' performance tuning -- Horizontal dimension (node-to-node) -- Vertical dimension (intranode) -- Exploring vertical dimension nodes in horizontal dimension nodes -- Client side -- Network components -- HTTP servers (web servers) -- Application servers -- Database servers -- Middleware integration servers -- Operating system and hardware -- CPU utilization -- Network traffic -- Memory usage -- Storage I/O performance -- Summary -- 2. Understanding Java Fundamentals -- Discussing the new Java EE 7 features -- Bean Validation 1.1 (JSR 349) -- Java API for JSON processing - JSON-P 1.0 (JSR 353) -- Java API for RESTful web services - JAX-RS 2.0 (JSR 339) -- Java Servlet 3.1 (JSR 340) -- Context and Dependency Injection - CDI 1.1 (JSR 346) -- Interceptors 1.2 (JSR 318) -- Enterprise JavaBeans - EJB 3.2 (JSR 345) -- Java Message Service - JMS 2.0 (JSR 343) -- Concurrency Utilities 1.0 (JSR 236) -- Batch Applications 1.0 (JSR 352) -- Java Persistence APIs - JPA 2.1 (JSR 338) -- JavaServer Faces - JSF 2.2 (JSR 344) -- Expression language 3.0 (JSR 341) -- Java Transaction APIs - JTA 1.2 (JSR 907) -- Java API for WebSocket 1.0 (JSR 356) -- Understanding memory structure in the JVM -- The JVM specifications -- Heap area -- Method area and runtime constant pool -- JVM stack -- Native method stacks (C stacks) -- PC registers -- Memory structure in the Java HotSpot virtual machine -- Generational memory structure -- The Java HotSpot virtual machine generations -- Understanding the Java garbage collection policies -- Different GC options -- Concurrent versus stop-the-world -- Serial versus parallel collector -- Compacting versus non-compacting -- Summary phase -- Compacting phase -- The Garbage-first collector - G1.

Different application scopes -- Understanding concurrency in Java -- Process versus thread -- Exploring an object monitor -- Using the Java concurrency utilities -- Creating a thread pool -- Using explicit locking with the Lock interface -- Concurrent resources and utilities -- The ManagedExecutorService class -- The ManagedScheduledExecutorService class -- The ManagedThreadFactory class -- The important Java EE concurrency features -- The SingleThreadModel interface -- Asynchronous servlet and filter -- The new Java EE non-blocking I/O APIs -- Session beans asynchronous method invocation -- A singleton session bean -- Sending asynchronous JMS messages -- More information about Java EE 7 -- Summary -- 3. Getting Familiar with Performance Testing -- Dissecting performance testing -- Exploring performance testing aspects -- Selecting the performance test environment -- Project milestones and performance -- Defining different rules and responsibilities -- Performance testing types -- Load testing -- Stress testing -- Capacity testing -- Performance testing components -- Test data -- Test users -- Test scenarios -- Preparing the test environment prior to test execution -- Test automation -- Test quality assurance -- Performance testing tools -- Performance benchmarking and baseline -- Isolation testing -- Performance fixing cycle -- When to stop tuning? -- Performance testing terminologies -- Performance testing in a cloud environment -- Starting with Apache JMeter -- Different components of the JMeter test plan -- The execution order of components -- Testing with JMeter -- Using JMeter to test web services -- Creating a thread group -- Creating the SOAP sampler -- Creating listeners -- Adding an assertion on response -- Adding the CSV dataset configuration -- Getting the final results -- Using JMeter to test a web application.

Recording our testing scenarios -- Creating thread groups -- Creating a configuration element -- Creating a recording controller -- Creating a workbench server (HTTP(s) Test Script Recorder) -- Updating browser settings -- Start recording our journeys/scenarios -- Adding cookie control -- Adding a CSV dataset -- Adding variables to our requests -- Adding suitable thinking time -- Adding response assertions -- Adding results view -- Executing our test plan and getting the results -- Using JMeter to test database scripts -- Configuring the JDBC connection -- Adding a JDBC request sampler -- Adding a CSV dataset configuration -- Adding listeners to capture test results -- Summary -- 4. Monitoring Java Applications -- Exploring the Java monitoring tools -- The operating system monitoring tools -- The Microsoft Windows tools -- The Unix/Linux tools -- An example of high CPU utilization -- The Java monitoring tools -- The JDK monitoring tools -- The monitoring tools for application servers -- The IDE monitoring tools -- The standalone monitoring tools -- The multifunction monitoring tools -- Understanding the profiling tools -- Profilers modes -- JVM TI -- Profiler agent -- The command-line options -- Agent start-up -- Different profiling patterns -- What we need to know from this section -- Understanding the different JDK tools -- The monitoring tool for Java virtual machine statistics -- The JVM memory map tool -- The Java heap analysis tool -- The Java monitoring and management console tool -- Java VisualVM -- Oracle Java Mission Control -- Starting with the NetBeans profiler -- The NetBeans profiler calibration -- Using the NetBeans profiler -- The Eclipse tools/plugins -- The JVM monitor -- The Test and Performance Tools Platform -- Advanced profiler - JProfiler -- Using the offline profiling mode -- Building our script using JProfiler triggers.

Further reading -- Summary -- 5. Recognizing Common Performance Issues -- Going through a slow response time umbrella -- Isolating the issue -- Client side -- HTTP server side (web servers) -- Application server issue -- Database server issue -- Integrated systems -- Networking components -- Code and script analysis -- Profiling the application -- Common performance issues -- Threading performance issues -- Memory performance issues -- Algorithmic performance issues -- Work as designed performance issues -- Interfacing performance issues -- Miscellaneous performance issues -- Fake performance issues -- Threading performance issues -- Blocking threads -- Performance symptoms -- An example of thread blocking -- Thread deadlock -- Memory performance issues -- Memory leakage -- Performance symptoms -- An example of memory leakage -- Improper data caching -- Improper caching issue types -- No caching (disabled caching) -- Too small caching size -- Too big caching size -- Using the wrong caching policy -- Performance symptoms -- An example of improper caching techniques -- Work as designed performance issues -- Synchronous where asynchronous is required -- Performance symptoms -- An example of improper synchronous code -- Neglecting remoteness -- Performance symptoms -- An example of using remote calls as local calls -- Excessive serialization performance impact -- Performance symptoms -- An example of excessive serialization -- Object size impact -- Web services granularity impact -- Selected performance issues -- Unnecessary application logic -- Excessive application logging -- Database performance issues -- Missing proactive tuning -- Client-side performance issues -- Chrome developer tools -- Network analysis -- JavaScript profiling -- Speed Tracer -- Internet Explorer developer tools -- Firefox developer tools -- Navigating time specifications.

Summary.