Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Primitive Government to the End of the Middle Ages -- Primitive Government -- Agricultural Society -- The Spread of Civilization -- Classical Greece -- The Minoans -- The City-State -- Monarchy, Oligarchy, Democracy -- Rome -- The Roman Republic -- The Roman Empire -- The Middle Ages -- Dissolution and Instability -- Feudalism -- The Rise of Law and the Nation-State -- Chapter 2 Early Modern Government to the End of the 19th Century -- The Rise and Fall of Absolute Monarchy -- Representation and Constitutional Monarchy -- Whigs and Tories -- The American and French Revolutions -- Nationalism and Imperialism -- Chapter 3 Government in the 20th and 21st Centuries -- Communism and Fascism -- Leninism -- Liberal Democracy -- Chapter 4 Nondemocratic Forms of Government -- Monarchy -- Functions of Monarchies -- Premodern Monarchies -- Monarchy in the Modern Era -- Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen -- Aristocracy, Oligarchy, and Dictatorship -- Aristocracy -- Oligarchy -- Dictatorship -- Totalitarianism -- Chapter 5 Prehistoric Democracy to the Italian Republics -- Fundamental Problems of Democracy -- Prehistoric Forms of Democracy -- Classical Greece -- The Roman Republic -- The Roman Senate -- The Italian Republics from the 12th Century to the Renaissance -- "Constitutional Oligarchies" -- A Democratic Dilemma -- Chapter 6 European and American Democracy to the End of the 19th Century -- Continental Europe -- England -- The United States -- The Constitutional Convention -- Democracy or Republic? -- Solving the Dilemma -- New Answers to Old Questions -- Suffrage -- Factions and Parties -- Majority Rule, Minority Rights, Majority Tyranny -- Chapter 7 Democracy in the 20th and 21st Centuries -- Failures of Nondemocratic Systems -- Market Economies.

Economic Well-Being -- Political Culture -- Contemporary Democratic Systems -- Presidential and Parliamentary Systems -- Unitary and Federal Systems -- Proportional and Winner-Take-All Systems -- Two-Party and Multiparty Systems -- Majoritarian and Consensual Systems -- Contemporary Challenges -- Inequality of Resources -- Immigration -- Terrorism -- The September 11 Attacks -- International Systems -- Chapter 8 The Theory of Democracy from Pericles to Rawls -- Pericles -- Aristotle -- John Locke -- The Legitimacy of Government -- Answers to Fundamental Questions -- Montesquieu -- David Hume -- Jean-Jacques Rousseau -- John Stuart Mill -- Utilitarianism -- John Dewey -- Jürgen Habermas -- John Rawls -- Chapter 9 The Value of Democracy -- Ideal Democracy -- Features of Ideal Democracy -- Ideal and Representative Democracy -- Freedom of Speech -- Actual Democracies -- Advantages of Democracy -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index -- Back Cover.