Recent neuroscience, in replacing the old model of the brain as a single centralized locus of control, has emphasized plasticity, the quality by which our brains develop and change throughout the course of our lives. Our brains exist as historical products, developing in interaction with themselves and with their surroundings. Hence there is a thin line between the organization of the nervous system and the political and social organization conditioning and conditioned by that experience. While the neurosciences have a tendency unreflectively to adopt the vocabulary of neo-liberalism, in this book Catherine Malabou develops a radical new social meaning for plasticity. Not only does plasticity allow our brains to adapt to existing circumstances, it opens a margin of freedom to intervene, to change the circumstances. Such an understanding of this concept opens up a newly transformative aspect of the neurosciences.