Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Historical Fishery Overview -- 1.3 Overview of Natural Reproduction -- 1.4 International Regulating Factors -- 1.5 Why Culture Paddlefish? -- References -- Chapter 2 Biology -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Taxonomic Relationships -- Taxonomic Hierarchy -- 2.3 Biogeography -- 2.3.1 Native Range -- 2.3.2 River Systems -- 2.3.3 Reservoir Systems -- 2.3.4 Non-Native Introductions -- 2.3.5 Gene Pool -- 2.3.6 Habitat -- 2.4 Anatomy -- 2.4.1 General Anatomical Features -- 2.4.2 Rostrum or Paddle -- 2.4.3 Internal Anatomy -- Skeleton -- Gill Rakers -- Digestive System -- Female Reproductive System - General -- Ontogeny of the Ovary and Seasonal Oogenesis -- Male Reproductive System - General -- Ontogeny of the Testes and Seasonal Spermatogenesis -- 2.5 Physiology -- 2.5.1 Swimming Behavior -- 2.5.2 Stress Response -- 2.5.3 Ram Ventilation -- 2.5.4 Respiration -- 2.5.5 Water Temperature -- 2.5.6 Metabolism -- 2.5.7 Osmoregulation -- 2.5.8 Sensory (Eyes, Nares) -- 2.5.9 Electroreceptors -- 2.6 Reproductive Biology -- 2.6.1 Gonadal Development and Sex Determination -- 2.6.2 Reproduction -- 2.6.3 Sexual Maturity and Spawning Frequency -- 2.6.4 Pituitary Gland -- 2.6.5 Fecundity -- 2.6.6 Natural Spawning -- 2.6.7 Egg Maturation and Ovulation -- 2.6.8 Fertilization -- 2.6.9 Developmental Embryogeny -- 2.6.10 Developmental Rate (tau, τ0) -- 2.6.11 Cleavage and Gastrulation -- 2.6.12 Organogenesis -- 2.6.13 Larvae and Juveniles -- 2.7 Ecology And Management of Natural Stocks -- 2.7.1 Food Habits -- 2.7.2 Growth - Juveniles -- 2.7.3 Age and Growth -- 2.7.4 Potential Fishery Yield -- 2.7.5 Sport Fishing -- 2.7.6 Commercial Fishing -- 2.8 Fish Culture -- 2.8.1 Domestic Culture for Stocking Programs -- 2.8.2 Foodfish Culture -- 2.9 Summary.

References -- Chapter 3 Propagation and Early Culture Techniques -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Hatchery and Nursery Facilities -- 3.2.1 Location -- 3.2.2 Water Supply and Quality -- 3.2.3 Brood and Culture Tanks -- 3.3 Brooders -- 3.4 Induced Spawning -- 3.4.1 Brooder Selection by Egg Evaluation -- 3.4.2 Hormones and Injection Guidelines -- 3.5 Gamete Collection -- 3.5.1 Spermiating and Sperm Collection -- 3.5.2 Morphology and Characteristics of Paddlefish Milt and Spermatozoa -- 3.5.3 Sperm Cryopreservation -- 3.5.4 Ovulation and Egg Collection -- 3.6 Fertilization and Egg Incubation -- 3.7 Fry Hatching and Development -- 3.8 Sex Manipulation -- 3.8.1 Induced Meiotic Gynogenesis and Expected Sex Ratio -- 3.8.2 Sex Reversal -- 3.9 Shipment and Transport -- 3.10 Feeding -- 3.10.1 Critical Feeding Period -- 3.10.2 Daphnias as Live Food -- 3.10.3 Daphnia Morphology and Anatomy -- 3.10.4 Daphnia Reproduction -- 3.10.5 Environmental Factors for Daphnia Growth -- 3.10.6 Daphnia Cultivation and Harvest -- 3.10.7 Prepared Diets -- 3.11 Phase-0, -I, and -II Paddlefish Culture -- 3.11.1 Phase-I Culture -- 3.11.2 Phase-I Pond Culture -- 3.11.3 Phase-I Tank Culture -- 3.11.4 Phase-I Comparison of Live Food Versus Prepared Diets -- 3.12 Phase-II Culture Systems -- 3.12.1 Phase-II Pond Culture -- 3.12.2 Phase-II Pond Water Quality -- 3.12.3 Aquatic Weed Control -- 3.12.4 Phase-II Tank Culture Using Decommissioned Wastewater Treatment Facilities -- 3.13 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Paddlefish Production for Meat and Caviar -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Polyculture -- 4.2.1 Open Pond System -- 4.2.2 In-Pond Raceway System -- 4.3 Intensive Monoculture -- 4.4 Extensive Pen Culture -- 4.5 Reservoir Ranching -- 4.5.1 Private Reservoirs -- 4.5.2 Public Waters -- Public Waters in China and the United States -- Socio-Political and Economic Considerations.

Conflicts With Sport Fishing -- Biological Considerations -- 4.5.3 Reservoir Ranching Study -- 4.5.4 Bioenergetics Modeling -- 4.5.5 Losses of Stocked Paddlefish -- Predation -- Escape of Stocked Paddlefish -- Poaching -- 4.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 5 Paddlefish: International Status -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 International History -- 5.2.1 Introduction as a Foodfish -- 5.2.2 Paddlefish as an Ornamental Fish -- 5.3 Non-US Countries with Paddlefish Aquaculture -- 5.3.1 Russia -- 5.3.2 Ukraine -- 5.3.3 Bulgaria -- 5.3.4 Czech Republic -- 5.3.5 Poland -- 5.3.6 China -- 5.4 Chinese Paddlefish -- 5.4.1 Life History -- 5.4.2 Descriptive Morphology -- 5.4.3 Feeding -- 5.4.4 Sexual Maturity and Spawning -- 5.4.5 Potential Propagation and Cultivation Techniques -- 5.4.6 Chinese Paddlefish Broodfish Exploration -- 5.5 Regulations and Permits -- 5.5.1 International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) -- 5.5.2 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) -- 5.5.3 Lacey Act -- 5.5.4 Practical Examples of Lacey Act Violations -- 5.5.5 Conspiracy Act -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6 Paddlefish Food Products -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Caviar -- 6.2.1 Paddlefish Caviar -- 6.2.2 History -- 6.2.3 Caviar Preparation -- 6.2.4 Nutritional Qualities of Caviar -- 6.2.5 Caviar Safety Control -- 6.3 Paddlefish Meat -- 6.3.1 Lipids and Fatty Acids -- 6.3.2 Processing -- 6.3.3 Storage -- 6.3.4 Value-added Products -- Hot-Smoked Fish -- Surimi -- 6.4 Food Quality and Safety -- 6.4.1 Water Activity -- 6.4.2 Water-Phase Salt -- 6.5 Regulating Agencies -- 6.5.1 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) -- 6.5.2 Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) -- 6.6 Scientific Principles -- 6.7 Regulatory Guidelines -- 6.8 HACCP Development -- 6.9 Summary -- References -- Appendix 6.1: Paddlefish Recipes.

Paddlefish Recipes from the United States -- Paddlefish Curry -- Cornmeal Rolled Paddlefish with Shrimp Succotash -- Crispy Fried Paddlefish -- Paddlefish Fajitas -- Potato Wrapped Paddlefish -- Paddlefish Recipes from China -- Sliced Paddlefish with Lemon -- Fried Sliced Paddlefish -- Steamed Paddlefish with Chopped Pepper -- Crisp Paddlefish -- Spicy Double-Cooked Paddlefish -- Spicy Paddlefish -- Chapter 7 Bioaccumulation of Contaminants in Paddlefish -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Bioaccumulative Contaminants in the Environment -- 7.2.1 PCBs -- 7.2.2 DDT -- 7.2.3 Other Chlorinated Hydrocarbons -- 7.2.4 Mercury -- 7.3 Contaminants that Bioaccumulate in Tissue -- 7.4 Consumption Advisories in Large River Systems -- 7.5 Partitioning of Bioaccumulative Contaminants -- 7.6 Factors Affecting Contaminant Levels -- 7.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 8 Paddlefish Diseases -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Taxonomic Hierarchy of Paddlefish Maladies -- 8.2.1 Bacterial Diseases -- 8.2.2 Viral Disease -- 8.2.3 Parasite Infections -- Protists -- Metazoan Parasites -- 8.2.4 Other Diseases and Conditions -- 8.3 Immunity -- 8.4 Water Quality-Related Conditions -- 8.4.1 Dissolved Oxygen -- 8.4.2 High Nitrite (Brown Blood Disease) -- 8.5 Diagnostic Case History: KSU 1990-2012 -- 8.6 Disease Treatment -- 8.6.1 Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) -- Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) Demand Test -- 8.6.2 Copper Sulfate (CuSO4) -- 8.6.3 Formalin -- 8.6.4 Salt -- 8.6.5 Perox-Aid® (35%) -- 8.7 Summary -- References -- Appendix 8.1: Paddlefish Disease Cases At KSU-FDDL -- Parasites Found In/On Paddlefish -- Bacterial infections Found In/On Paddlefish -- Other Diseases Found In/On Paddlefish -- Chapter 9 The Economics of Paddlefish Aquaculture -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Economics of a Paddlefish Hatchery and Nursery -- 9.3 Intensive Paddlefish Monoculture in Ponds.

9.4 Paddlefish Polyculture in Catfish Ponds -- 9.5 Paddlefish Reservoir Ranching -- 9.6 Conclusions -- 9.7 Summary -- References -- Index -- EULA.