Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding, Volume II: Abiotic Stress, Yield and Quality -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding: Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Yield, and Quality, An Introduction -- Introduction -- Enhancing Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Rice -- Enhancing Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Wheat and Barley -- Enhancing Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Sorghum -- Improving Quality and Yield Through Molecular Breeding in Rice, Maize, Peanut, and Sugarcane -- Summary and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 2 Applying Genomics Tools for Breeding Submergence Tolerance in Rice -- Introduction -- Applying Genomics Tools for Molecular Studies and Breeding -- Identification of the QTLs and Genes underlying Tolerance -- Development of Sub1 Varieties -- Performance of Sub1 Varieties -- Molecular and Physiological Mechanisms underlying Tolerance -- Tolerance of Transient Flooding during the Vegetative Stage: The SUB1Mode of Action -- Tolerance of Flooding during Germination -- Escape Strategy under Longer-term Partial Flooding -- Future Prospects -- Flooding during Germination -- Exploring the Genetic Control of Tolerance of Stagnant Flooding -- Beyond the SUB1Gene -- References -- Chapter 3 Genomics Applications to Salinity Tolerance Breeding in Rice -- Introduction -- Mapping of Loci Associated with Salinity Tolerance in Rice -- Marker-assisted Backcrossing to Use Salt Tolerance QTLs for Breeding -- Cloning of QTLs Associated with Salinity Tolerance in Rice -- Next-generation Sequencing: Advances and Limitations -- Application of Next-generation Sequencing Technologies to Salinity Tolerance Research -- SNP Discovery and QTL Identification -- Identification of Candidate Genes -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Marker-Assisted Introgression of Major QTLs for Grain Yield Under Drought in Rice.

Introduction -- Rice and Drought -- The Current Drought-Tolerance Improvement Strategy at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) -- Direct Selection for Grain Yield is Achieved with Proper Drought Treatments -- Identification of Large-Effect QTLs for Grain Yield under Drought -- Major Rice QTLs Reported for Grain Yield under Drought -- QTL x Environment and QTL x Genotype Interactions -- Effect of Drought Yield QTLs on Multiple Yield-Related Traits under Drought -- Candidate Gene Content and Comparative Genomics of Drought Yield QTLs -- Physiology Studies to Characterize the Mechanisms by Which Major-Effect QTLs Confer Improved Yield under Drought -- Perspectives -- Novel Marker-Assisted Breeding Approaches -- Collaborative Strategies of Breeding and Physiology for Improvement of Drought Tolerance in Rice -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 5 Molecular Breeding for Phosphorus-efficient Rice -- Introduction -- Plant Responses to P Deficiency -- Phosphorus in Rice Cropping Systems -- Breeding Targets Related to P Efficiency in Rice -- The Pup1 QTL and Its Application in Molecular Breeding -- Pup1-specific Molecular Markers -- Evaluation of Pup1 in Different Genetic Backgrounds and Environments -- Phenotyping for Low-P Tolerance -- Outlook and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 6 Aluminum Tolerance in Sorghum and Maize -- Introduction -- Importance of Acid Soils in Limiting Worldwide Agriculture -- Progress on Physiology of Crop Al Tolerance -- Progress on the Molecular Biology of Crop Al Tolerance -- Sorghum Al Tolerance -- Historical Aspects of Aluminum Tolerance in Sorghum -- The AltSB Locus in Sorghum -- Genetic Diversity for Al Tolerance in Sorghum -- Molecular and Physiological Basis of Al Tolerance Conferred by AltSB -- The Relationship between Population Structure and Al Tolerance in Sorghum.

Implications for Molecular Breeding Strategies Aimed at Improving Al tolerance in Sorghum -- Maize Al Tolerance -- Physiological Mechanisms of Maize Al Tolerance -- Genetics of Maize Al Tolerance -- Mapping of Al Tolerance QTL in Maize -- Molecular Biology of Maize Al Tolerance -- Molecular Breeding for Al Tolerance in Maize -- Structure-function Analysis of Membrane Transporters Involved in Root Citrate Exudation and Al Tolerance -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 7 Freezing Tolerance in the Triticeae -- Major Determinants of Frost Tolerance in the Triticeae (QTLs and Genes) -- QTL and Genes Responsible for Vegetative Frost Tolerance -- QTL and Genes Responsible for Reproductive Frost Tolerance -- Copy-Number Variation and Winter Hardiness Co-selection -- Detection of CBFGene Copy-Number Variation in Triticeae Cereals -- Winter Hardiness and Association between VRN-1Allelic State and CBFCopy-Numbers -- Wheat vs. Barley Genomics of Frost Tolerance: Common and Specific Mechanisms -- Genetic Resources -- From Sequence to Varieties: Advances in Assisted Selection of Large Genome Cereal Crops -- LD-MAS for Freezing Tolerance -- Genomic Selection (GS) -- Conclusions and Perspectives -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8 Molecular Breeding for Stay-Green: Progress and Challenges in Sorghum -- Introduction -- QTL Identification -- QTL Introgression - Current Progress at ICRISAT -- Mechanisms Explaining Stay-Green -- The Nitrogen and Carbohydrate Route -- Addressing the Symptoms or Addressing the Causes? -- Advances in Sorghum Genomics and Applications for Stay-Green Research -- Use of Modeling to Manipulate Mechanisms Associated with Stay-Green -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 9 Genetic Improvement of Grain Quality in JaponicaRice -- Introduction -- Component Traits of Rice Quality.

Physical Appearance of Rice Grain -- Grain Chalkiness -- Cooking Characteristics and Sensory Qualities -- Other Traits Affecting Grain Quality -- Perspectives -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 10 Biofortified Maize - A Genetic Avenue for Nutritional Security -- Introduction -- Enhanced and Balanced Amino Acid Content -- Quality Protein Maize (QPM) -- Possibilities for Genetically Engineered High-Lysine Maize -- High Provitamin A Maize -- Kernel Fe and Zn-rich Maize for Alleviating "Hidden Hunger" -- Low Phytate Maize -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11 Marker-Assisted Backcrossing Selection for High O/L Ratio in Cultivated Peanut -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Breeding Scheme -- Polymorphic Analysis of the FAD2Genes -- GW DNA Markers -- Investigation of Fatty Acid Content in Seeds -- Results and Discussion -- Association between FAD2 Genes and O/L Ratio -- Practice of MABS for High O/L in Peanut -- Transition of GW Genotypes in the MABS -- Comparison with the Other Agarose Gel Base Genotyping Technique for FAD2Loci -- Comparison with the Other Breeding Program for High O/L with MAS -- Merits of MABS and Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 12 Genomics-Assisted Breeding for Tomato Fruit Quality in the Next-Generation Omics Age -- Introduction -- Brief History of Tomato -- Economic and Nutritional Value of Tomato -- Practical Breeding Considerations -- Key Advances Enabling Genomics-Assisted Breeding in Tomato -- Early Breeding Research and the S. pennellii LA716 Introgression Lines -- Sequencing of the Tomato Genome -- New Tomato Genomics Resources -- Fruit Quality Traits Targeted for Genomics-Assisted Breeding in Tomato -- Primary Metabolites -- Carotenoids -- Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 13 Improvement of Yield per se in Sugarcane -- Introduction -- History of Sugarcane Yield Improvement.

Evolution and Domestication -- Yield Increase Brought by Wild Introgressions -- Modern Sugarcanes and Yield Progress -- Marker-Assisted Selection Related to Yield Component Traits -- QTL Studies -- Association Mapping -- Perspectives -- Towards Increasing Throughput Marker Systems -- Model-Assisted Phenotyping -- Genomic Selection -- Conclusion -- References -- Appendix I - Contributors -- Appendix II - Reviewers -- Index -- Supplemental Images.