Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 2.1 Hemodynamics of pulmonary hypertension -- 2.2 Venice classification -- 2.3 Overview of the diagnostic process (algorithm) -- 2.4 Screening (identifying a pre-existing risk) -- 2.5 Detection (discovering pulmonary hypertension) -- 2.6 Definition (diagnosing the clinical context) -- 2.7 Prediction (estimating prognosis) -- 2.8 Principles of follow-up (evaluating and responding to outcome) -- 2.9 Specific tests in the evaluation of pulmonary hypertension -- 3 Conventional therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 3.1 Calcium channel antagonists -- 3.2 Diuretics -- 3.3 Warfarin -- 3.4 Supplemental oxygen -- 3.5 Inotropic therapy -- 3.6 General measures -- 3.7 Conclusions -- 4 Prostanoid treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 4.1 Epoprostenol -- 4.2 Treprostinil -- 4.3 Iloprost -- 4.4 Beraprost -- 4.5 Treatment selection -- 4.6 Conclusions -- 5 Endothelin receptor antagonists in pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 5.1 Bosentan -- 5.2 Sitaxsentan -- 5.3 Ambrisentan -- 5.4 Safety and tolerability with endothelin receptor antagonists -- 5.5 Conclusions -- 6 Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 6.1 The origins of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor development -- 6.2 Pulmonary hypertension as a new indication for phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor treatment -- 6.3 Role of phosphodiesterase-5 in the pulmonary vasculature -- 6.4 Clinical experience with sildenafil for the treatment of chronic pulmonary hypertension -- 6.5 Pivotal trial and approval of sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (SUPER-1 study) -- 6.6 Other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors -- 6.7 Combination therapy.

6.8 Potential new indications for phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors outside pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 6.9 Conclusions -- 7 Combination therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 7.1 Background -- 7.2 Combination therapy to date -- 7.3 Conclusions -- 8 Interventional and surgical modalities of treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Atrial septostomy -- 8.3 Pulmonary endarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension -- 8.4 Lung transplantation for pulmonary hypertension -- 8.5 Conclusions -- 9 End points and clinical trial design in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Clinical and regulatory perspectives -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Trial design -- 9.3 End points in trials of therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 9.4 Conclusions -- 10 Comparative analysis of clinical trials and evidence-based treatment algorithm for pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Randomized controlled studies -- 10.3 Long-term continuation studies -- 10.4 Combination studies -- 10.5 Evidence-based treatment algorithm -- 10.6 Conclusions -- 11 Diagnosis and assessment of non-pulmonary arterial hypertension masquerading as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: Diastolic heart failure - evaluation and interactions -- 11.1 Definition of heart failure -- 11.2 Epidemiology -- 11.3 Physiology -- 11.4 Evaluation of diastolic heart failure: Invasive and noninvasive techniques -- 11.5 Diagnosis and treatment of diastolic dysfunction -- 11.6 Pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction -- 11.7 Conclusions -- 12 Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: A look to the future -- 12.1 Therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension -- 12.2 Measuring outcomes and monitoring the course of therapy -- 12.3 Conclusions -- Index -- Colour Plate.