Cover -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- 1. Insight, Outlook, and the Search for Meaning -- 1.1. The Philosophical Questions -- 1.2. Philosophy and Mythology -- 1.3. Philosophy and Religion -- 1.4. Philosophy and Ideology -- 1.5. The Emergence of Philosophy from a Worldview -- 1.6. Philosophy: Descriptive or Prescriptive -- 1.7. Philosophy: What's the Use? -- 2. The Lasting Relevance of Classical Philosophy -- 2.1. Before Socrates -- 2.2. Socrates and Plato -- 2.3. Aristotle -- 2.4. Hellenism and Rome: The Stoics and Neoplatonists -- 2.5. Jewish and Islamic Philosophy -- 2.6. Christian Philosophy -- 3. Putting the Search for Meaning in Parentheses -- 3.1. Rationalism -- 3.2. Empiricism -- 3.3. The Merciless Critique of Immanuel Kant -- 3.4. Hegel and German Idealism -- 4. Making Sense Individually and in Society -- 4.1. Ludwig Feuerbach -- 4.2. Karl Marx -- 4.3. Arthur Schopenhauer -- 4.4. Søren Kierkegaard -- 4.5. Friedrich Nietzsche -- 5. Philosophy in the Age of Senseless World Wars -- 5.1. Phenomenology and Existentialism -- 5.2. Edmund Husserl -- 5.3. Martin Heidegger -- 5.4. Karl Jaspers -- 5.5. Jacques Maritain -- 5.6. Jean-Paul Sartre -- 5.7. Gabriel Marcel, Martin Buber, and Emmanuel Levinas -- 5.8. Ernst Bloch -- 5.9. Sigmund Freud -- 5.10. Herbert Marcuse -- 5.11. Fritz Schumacher -- 5.12. Michel Foucault -- 5.13. Analytic and Logical-Positivist Philosophy -- 5.14. Ludwig Wittgenstein -- 6. Insight, Outlook, and the Search for Meaning: Relevant in the New Millennium -- 6.1. Paul Ricœur -- 6.2. John Rawls -- 6.3. Jean Baudrillard -- 6.4. Jürgen Habermas -- 6.5. Martha Nussbaum -- 6.6. Slavoj Žižek -- 7. By Way of a Sendoff -- Index.