Cover -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1: Cognitive Development among Young Children in Low-Income Countries -- A Review of the Literature -- New Evidence from Cambodia and Mozambique -- Conclusion and Policy Implications -- Annex -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2: The Influence of Economic Crisis on Early Childhood Development: A Review of Pathways and Measured Impact -- Early Childhood Development Pathways -- Aggregate Shocks and Infant Mortality -- Aggregate Shocks and Nutritional Pathways -- Aggregate Shocks and Environmental Pathways -- Long-Term Consequences of Economic Crisis -- Discussion and Policy Responses -- References -- Chapter 3: Conflicts, Epidemics, and Orphanhood: The Impact of Extreme Events on the Health and Educational Achievements of Children -- Violence and Early Childhood Development -- Violence and Nutrition -- Violence and Educational Outcomes -- HIV/AIDS and Early Childhood Development -- Orphanhood -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Promoting Equity through Early Child Development Interventions for Children from Birth through Three Years of Age -- Concurrent Benefits of ECD Interventions for Child Development -- Impact of Parental Enrichment on Parenting Knowledge and Behavior -- Evidence for Long-Term Benefits for Child Cognition and Behavior -- Linking Early Intervention with Health and Nutrition Programs -- Comparing Strategies and Investments for the Birth to Age Three Group -- Research Needs for Program Expansion -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: The Convergence of Equity and Efficiency in ECD Programs -- How Might Early Childhood Development Influence the Demand for Education and Student Quality?.

How Do Initial Household Resources Influence the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Income -- How Do Initial Household Resources Influence the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Nutrition -- How Do Initial Household Investments Condition the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Early Childhood Education Programs -- Equity in Access to Early Childhood Education -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Back Cover.