Pediatric Otolaryngology -- Title Page -- Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Pediatrics -- AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS SECTION ON OTOLARYNGOLOGY- HEAD AND NECK SURGERY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2011-2012 -- Dedication Page -- CONTRIBUTORS -- CONTENTS -- FOREWORD -- INTRODUCTION -- SECTION 1: Ear and Temporal Bone -- CHAPTER 1: Neonatal Hearing Screening, Hearing Loss, and Treatment for Hearing Loss: Anna K. Meyer, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting Symptoms -- ■ Physical Examination -- ■ Diagnosis -- ■ Medical Evaluation -- ■ Types of Hearing Loss -- ■ Causes of Hearing Loss -- ■ Treatment for Sensorineural Hearing Loss -- ■ Treatments for Conductive Hearing Loss -- ■ Natural History and Prognosis -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 2: Management and Treatment of Patients With Acute and Chronic Otitis Media: Yamilet Tirado, MD, and Blake Papsin, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology of Otitis Media -- ■ Pathogenesis of Otitis Media -- ■ Acute Otitis Media (AOM) -- ■ Assessment and Diagnosis of AOM -- ■ Treatment Options for AOM -- ■ 2004 Guidelines for AOM -- ■ Natural History and Complications of AOM -- ■ Prevention of AOM -- ■ Chronic Otitis Media -- ■ Assessment and Diagnosis of CSOM -- ■ Treatment Options for CSOM -- ■ Natural History and Complications of CSOM -- ■ Prevention of CSOM -- ■ Nonsuppurative Otitis Media -- ■ Assessment and Diagnosis of OME -- ■ Treatment Options for OME -- ■ 2004 Guidelines for OME -- ■ Natural History and Complications of OME -- ■ Prevention of OME -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 3: Facial Paralysis: David H. Chi, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Anatomy -- ■ History -- ■ Physical Examination -- ■ Pathophysiology -- ■ Differential Diagnoses -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References.

CHAPTER 4: Diseases and Anomalies of the Auricle and External Auditory Canal: Robert F. Yellon, MD, and Raymond Maguire, DO -- ■ Auricle -- ■ External Auditory Canal -- ■ Infectious -- ■ Selected References -- SECTION 2: Nose and Sinus -- CHAPTER 5: Neonatal Nasal Obstruction: Tulio A. Valdez, MD, and Tiffiny Ainsworth, MA, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Physical Examination and Diagnosis -- ■ Nasal Embryology and Anatomy -- ■ Differential Diagnosis -- ■ Congenital Anatomic Deformities -- ■ Obstructing Masses -- ■ Traumatic Obstructions -- ■ Inflammatory Etiologies -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 6: Rhinosinusitis: Amy S. Whigham, MD, and Maria T. Peña, MD -- ■ Background -- ■ Definitions -- ■ Anatomy -- ■ Pathophysiology -- ■ Evaluation -- ■ Microbiology -- ■ Medical Management -- ■ Surgical Management -- ■ Complications -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 7: Epistaxis: Mark S. Volk, MD, DMD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting Symptoms -- ■ Physical Examination Findings -- ■ Differential Diagnosis -- ■ Treatment -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 8: Pediatric Nasal and Facial Fractures: T.J. O-Lee, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Diagnosis -- ■ Soft Tissue Injuries -- ■ Bony Injuries -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References -- SECTION 3: Oropharynx -- CHAPTER 9: Disorders of the Tonsils and Adenoid: David H. Darrow, MD, DDS -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Functions of Tonsils and Adenoid -- ■ Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases ofTonsilsand Adenoid -- ■ Hyperplasia of Tonsils and Adenoid -- ■ Malignancy of Tonsils or Adenoid -- ■ Other Tonsil and Adenoid Disorders -- ■ Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 10: Pediatric Oropharyngeal Trauma: David L. Mandell, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting Symptoms -- ■ Physical Examination -- ■ Diagnostic Imaging -- ■ Treatment Options.

■ Natural History and Prognosis -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 11: Cleft Lip and Palate: Patrick D. Munson, MD, and Charles M. Bower, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting Symptoms -- ■ Physical Examination Findings -- ■ Diagnosis -- ■ Treatment Options -- ■ Natural History and Prognosis -- ■ Ankyloglossia -- ■ Selected References -- SECTION 4: Neck -- CHAPTER 12: Neck Masses and Adenopathy: Randall A. Bly, MD, and Sanjay R. Parikh, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting.Symptoms -- ■ Physical Examination Findings -- ■ Differential Diagnosis of Midline Neck Masses -- ■ Differential Diagnosis of Lateral Neck Masses -- ■ Imaging -- ■ Treatment Options -- ■ Natural History and Prognosis -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 13: Deep Neck Space Infections: Eric M. Jaryszak, MD, PhD, and Sukgi S. Choi, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Anatomy -- ■ Microbiology -- ■ Diagnosis -- ■ Treatment -- ■ Complications and Special Considerations -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 14: Salivary Gland Disorders in Children: Daniel L. Wohl, MD, and Eileen M. Raynor, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Salivary Gland Developmental Anatomy -- ■ Salivary Gland Physiologic Histology -- ■ Salivary Gland Function -- ■ Physical Examination of Salivary Glands -- ■ Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Disorders -- ■ Treatment Options for Salivary Gland Disorders -- ■ Selected References -- SECTION 5: Airway and Swallowing -- CHAPTER 15: Stridor in Infants and Children: Seth M. Pransky, MD, and Carrie L. Francis, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ History -- ■ Physical Examination -- ■ Additional Evaluation -- ■ Endoscopy -- ■ Common Causes of Stridor -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 16: Speech and Voice Disorders: Steve Maturo, MD, and Christopher Hartnick, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology -- ■ Presenting Symptoms.

■ Physical Examination -- ■ Differential Diagnosis -- ■ Treatment Options -- ■ Natural History and Prognosis -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 17: Drooling and Salivary Aspiration: Corrie E. Roehm, MD, and Scott R. Schoem, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Salivation -- ■ Etiology -- ■ Assessment -- ■ Management -- ■ Conclusion -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 18: Chronic Cough in Children: Ian N. Jacobs, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Mechanism -- ■ Clinical Assessment of the Child With Chronic Cough -- ■ Additional Investigation -- ■ Treatment -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 19: Aerodigestive Tract Foreign Bodies: Kristina W. Rosbe, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Epidemiology and Prevention -- ■ Signs and Symptoms -- ■ Imaging -- ■ Treatment -- ■ Complications -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 20: Gastroesophageal Reflux: J. Paul Willging, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease -- ■ Gastroesophageal Reflux and Airway -- ■ Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux -- ■ Selected References -- SECTION 6: GENERAL -- CHAPTER 21: Otolaryngologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Sally R. Shott, MD -- Dorsey Heithaus, MA -- and Anthony Sheyn, BS -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Chronic Otitis Media -- ■ Hearing Loss: Audiologic Testing -- ■ Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome -- ■ Airway Abnormalities: Laryngeal and Tracheal -- ■ Chronic Rhinitis and Sinusitis -- ■ Selected References -- CHAPTER 22: Vascular Birthmarks: John Gavin, MD -- ■ Introduction -- ■ Classification -- ■ Vascular Tumors -- ■ Vascular Malformations -- ■ Selected References -- Index.