Cover -- Title Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- PART 1 Setting the Scene -- 1 Agriculture, Trade Reform, and the Doha Agenda -- Introduction -- So Why All the Fuss over Agriculture? -- What Differentiates This Book from Others? -- What Questions Are Addressed in This Study? -- What Have We Learned? -- Key Policy Implications -- What the Subsequent Chapters Contribute -- What Is at Stake -- Special and Differential Treatment for Developing Countries -- Agricultural Market Access Formulas -- Tariff Rate Quotas -- Preference Erosion for Developing Countries -- Agricultural Export Subsidies -- Agricultural Domestic Support Disciplines -- Reducing AMS Bindings -- The Cotton Initiative -- Holograms and Ghosts in Reforming Farm Policies -- Some Prospective Overall Doha Packages: Estimating Their Consequences -- Notes -- References -- 2 What is at Stake: The Relative Importance of Import Barriers, Export Subsidies, and Domestic Support -- Introduction -- The Model Used -- Current Patterns of Merchandise Trade Distortions -- Implications of Merchandise Trade Liberalization for Developing Countries' Trade -- Welfare Effects of Agricultural Trade Reforms -- Welfare Impacts of Freeing Nonagricultural Market Access -- Services Trade Liberalization and Merchandise Trade Facilitation -- Summary and Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 3 Special and Differential Treatment for Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Strategic Issues for Negotiations -- SDT in the Agricultural Talks -- Lower Reduction Commitments for Tariffs -- Better Access for Developing Countries -- New Special Safeguard Mechanism -- Domestic Support -- Export Provisions -- So What Makes (Economic) Sense? -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- PART 2 Agricultural Market Access.

4 Consequences of Alternative Formulas for Agricultural Tariff Cuts -- Introduction -- Features of the Framework's Market Access Proposal -- The Tiered Formula -- Sensitive and Special Products -- Market Access Geography -- Simulation Experiments -- The Consequences of Tiered Formulas -- Tiered Formula Versus a Proportional Cut -- Implications for Market Access -- Implications for Commodities -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 5 Reducing Tariffs Versus Expanding Tariff Rate Quotas -- Introduction -- The Importance of TRQs -- The Economics of Trade Liberalization with TRQs -- An Empirical Assessment of Trade Liberalization -- Preliminary Conclusions from Empirical Evidence -- Methods of Quota Administration and Additional Regulations -- A Note on TRQ Fill Rates -- TRQs by Country and Commodity Group -- Can TRQ Administration Methods and Regulations Affect Trade? -- The Role of Dynamic Rent Seeking -- Changes in Administration Methods -- Potential Domestic Policy Responses to TRQ Liberalization -- Concluding Comments -- Notes -- References -- 6 Is Erosion of Tariff Preferences a Serious Concern? -- Introduction -- An Overview of Preferences -- The Starting Point -- The EU and U.S Preferential Schemes at a Glance -- Implications of Preferences on Market Access -- Assessing the Interaction of Preferences and Multilateral Liberalization -- TRQ Rents and Their Erosion -- Assumptions of CGE Simulations -- Results of CGE Simulations -- Utilization of Preferences -- Conclusions and Policy Implications -- Notes -- References -- PART 3 Export Subsidies and Domestic Support -- 7 Removing the Exception of Agricultural Export Subsidies -- Introduction -- Export Subsidies: On a Declining Path? -- An Aggregate, Country-Based Perspective -- The Incidence of Notified Export Subsidy Commitments -- Export Subsidies by Product.

Export Subsidies and EU Farm Trade Policy: A Depreciating Negotiating Asset? -- Export Subsidies in the EU's Overall Subsidization Scheme -- Should Efforts in the Doha Round Go Beyond Export Subsidies? -- Policy Recommendations -- Notes -- References -- 8 Rethinking Agricultural Domestic Support under the World Trade Organization -- Introduction -- The Rules as They Now Stand -- The Aggregate Measure of Support -- The July Framework, Recent Policy Changes, and WTO Rulings -- Should AMS Be Redefined? -- Is the Domestic Support Pillar Worth the Trouble? -- Ways to Improve Domestic Support Guidelines -- Notes -- References -- Data Sources for Tables -- 9 Consequences of Reducing Limits on Aggregate Measurements of Support -- Introduction -- Domestic Support Levels -- Possible Reduction Scenarios -- Recent Policy Reforms and Implications for Domestic Support -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 10 Reducing Cotton Subsidies: The DDA Cotton Initiative -- Introduction -- Why Cotton? -- The DDA Cotton Initiative: Original Content and Negotiating Developments -- Cotton Production and Trade -- Global Cotton Subsidies and Protection -- Effects of Cotton Subsidies on Markets -- Benefits of the Initiative for LDC Cotton Producers -- Compensation -- Trade Benefits -- Final Words -- Notes -- References -- PART 4 Doha Reform Scenarios -- 11 Holograms and Ghosts: New and Old Ideas for Agricultural Policy -- Introduction -- Reforming Agricultural Policies in Developed Countries -- The Cash-Out Shift away from Market Interventions -- Alternatives to Cash-Out Programs -- Recent Small-Scale Buyouts: Divergence among U.S. Peanut, Tobacco, and Sugar Reforms -- 2002 U.S. Peanut Reform -- 2004 U.S. Tobacco Reform -- No Reform for Sugar -- Synopsis from the Three Recent U.S. Policies -- The Debate over Larger Buyouts -- Bond Schemes in the EU.

How Might a Buyout Look in the United States? -- Revived Supply Management: A Ghost of Policies Past -- Efficient Policies toward Agriculture in Developing Countries -- Evolution of Agricultural Policies toward Less State Intervention -- The 1950s and 1960s: Industrial Focus, Community Development, and Land Reform -- The 1970s: New Technology and Outward-Oriented Development Strategies -- The 1980s: Fiscal Retrenchment and Structural Adjustment -- The 1990s and Beyond: Further Adjustment and Targeted Poverty Alleviation -- Developing Country Views of the Doha Trade Negotiations -- Avoiding Distortionary Protection and Agricultural Subsidies in Developing Countries -- Notes -- References -- 12 Market and Welfare Implications of Doha Reform Scenarios -- Introduction -- Key Elements of a Prospective Doha Agreement -- Agricultural Market Access -- Agricultural Domestic Support -- Agricultural Export Subsidies -- Nonagricultural Market Access -- Services Trade -- Trade Facilitation Measures -- The Global Linkage Model for Assessing Effects of Future Trade Reform -- The Subsidies and Import Protection Database -- Welfare Impact of Current Protection Policies -- Some Prospective Doha Scenarios: Estimating Their Consequences -- Estimated Welfare and Trade Effects of Scenarios in 2015 -- Caveats -- Lessons and Implications -- Appendix 12A: Comparison of Versions 5 and 6.05 of the GTAP Protection Database and of Linkage Model Results with Those from the GTAP-AGR Model -- Notes -- References -- Index -- Back Cover.