Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- 1. WELL-BEING AND POVERTY -- 1.1 The welfarist approach -- 1.2 Non-welfarist approaches -- 1.3 A graphical illustration -- 1.4 Practical measurement difficulties for the non-welfarist approaches -- 1.5 Poverty measurement and public policy -- 2. THE EMPIRICAL MEASUREMENT OF WELL-BEING -- 2.1 Survey issues -- 2.2 Income versus consumption -- 2.3 Price variability -- 2.4 Household heterogeneity -- 2.5 References for Chapters 1 and 2 -- 3. INTRODUCTION AND NOTATION -- 3.1 Continuous distributions -- 3.2 Discrete distributions -- 3.3 Poverty gaps -- 3.4 Cardinal versus ordinal comparisons -- 4. MEASURING INEQUALITY AND SOCIAL WELFARE -- 4.1 Lorenz curves -- 4.2 Gini indices -- 4.3 Social welfare and inequality -- 4.4 Social welfare -- 4.5 Statistical and descriptive indices of inequality -- 4.6 Decomposing inequality by population subgroups -- 4.7 Appendix: the Shapley value -- 4.8 References -- 5. MEASURING POVERTY -- 5.1 Poverty indices -- 5.2 Group-decomposable poverty indices -- 5.3 Poverty and inequality -- 5.4 Poverty curves -- 5.5 S-Gini poverty indices -- 5.6 Normalizing poverty indices -- 5.7 Decomposing poverty -- 5.8 References -- 6. ESTIMATING POVERTY LINES -- 6.1 Absolute and relative poverty lines -- 6.2 Social exclusion and relative deprivation -- 6.3 Estimating absolute poverty lines -- 6.4 Estimating relative and subjective poverty lines -- 6.5 References -- 7. MEASURING PROGRESSIVITY AND VERTICAL EQUITY -- 7.1 Taxes and transfers -- 7.2 Concentration curves -- 7.3 Concentration indices -- 7.4 Decomposition of inequality into income components -- 7.5 Progressivity comparisons -- 7.6 Tax and income redistribution -- 7.7 References -- 8. HORIZONTAL EQUITY, RERANKING AND REDISTRIBUTION -- 8.1 Ethical and other foundations.

8.2 Measuring reranking and redistribution -- 8.3 Measuring classical horizontal inequity and redistribution -- 8.4 References -- 9. DISTRIBUTIVE DOMINANCE -- 9.1 Ordering distributions -- 9.2 Sensitivity of poverty comparisons -- 9.3 Ordinal comparisons -- 9.4 Ethical judgements -- 9.5 References -- 10. POVERTY DOMINANCE -- 10.1 Primal approach -- 10.2 Dual approach -- 10.3 Assessing the limits to dominance -- 10.4 References -- 11. WELFARE AND INEQUALITY DOMINANCE -- 11.1 Ethical welfare judgments -- 11.2 Tests of welfare dominance -- 11.3 Inequality judgments -- 11.4 Tests of inequality dominance -- 11.5 Inequality and progressivity -- 11.6 Social welfare and Lorenz curves -- 11.7 The distributive impact of benefits -- 11.8 Pro-poor growth -- 11.9 References -- 12. POVERTY ALLEVIATION: POLICY AND GROWTH -- 12.1 The impact of targeting -- 12.2 The impact of changes in the poverty line -- 12.3 Price changes -- 12.4 Tax and subsidy reforms -- 12.5 Income-component and sectoral growth -- 12.6 Overall growth elasticity of poverty -- 12.7 The Gini elasticity of poverty -- 12.8 The impact of policy and growth on inequality -- 12.9 References -- 13. TARGETING IN THE PRESENCE OF REDISTRIBUTIVE COSTS -- 13.1 Poverty alleviation, redistributive costs and targeting -- 13.2 Costly targeting -- 13.3 References -- 14. AN INTRODUCTION TO DAD: A SOFTWARE FOR DISTRIBUTIVE ANALYSIS -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Loading, editing and saving databases in DAD -- 14.3 Inputting the sampling design information -- 14.4 Applications in DAD: basic procedures -- 14.5 Curves -- 14.6 Graphs -- 14.7 Statistical inference: sampling distributions, confidence intervals and hypothesis testing -- 14.8 References -- 15. NON-PARAMETRIC ESTIMATION IN DAD -- 15.1 Density estimation -- 15.2 Non-parametric regressions -- 15.3 References -- 16. ESTIMATION AND STATISTICAL INFERENCE.

16.1 Sampling design -- 16.2 Sampling weights -- 16.3 Stratification -- 16.4 Multi-stage sampling -- 16.5 Impact of sampling design on sampling variability -- 16.6 Estimating a sampling distribution with complex sample designs -- 16.7 References -- 17. STATISTICAL INFERENCE IN PRACTICE -- 17.1 Asymptotic distributions -- 17.2 Hypothesis testing -- 17.3 p-values and confidence intervals -- 17.4 Statistical inference using a non-pivotal bootstrap -- 17.5 Hypothesis testing and confidence intervals using pivotal bootstrap statistics -- 17.6 References -- 18. EXERCISES -- 18.1 Household size and living standards -- 18.2 Aggregative weights and poverty analysis -- 18.3 Absolute and relative poverty -- 18.4 Estimating poverty lines -- 18.5 Descriptive data analysis -- 18.6 Decomposing poverty -- 18.7 Poverty dominance -- 18.8 Fiscal incidence, growth, equity and poverty -- 18.9 Sampling designs and sampling distributions -- 18.10 Equivalence scales and statistical units -- 18.11 Description of illustrative data sets -- References -- Symbols -- Authors -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z -- Subjects -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- H -- I -- M -- N -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- W.