Beginning: Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Programming -- Credits -- About The Authors -- About The Technical Editor -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction -- Who This Book Is For -- What This Book Covers -- How This Book Is Structured -- What You Need To Use This Book -- Conventions -- Source Code -- Errata -- P2P.wrox.com -- Chapter 1: RDBMS Basics: What Makes Up a SQL Server Database? -- An Overview of Database Objects -- The Database Object -- The Transaction Log -- The Most Basic Database Object: Table -- Filegroups -- Diagrams -- Views -- Stored Procedures -- User-Defined Functions -- Sequences -- Users and Roles -- Rules -- Defaults -- User-Defined Data Types -- Full-Text Catalogs -- SQL Server Data Types -- NULL Data -- SQL Server Identifiers for Objects -- What Gets Named? -- Rules for Naming -- Summary -- Chapter 2: Learning the Tools of the Trade -- Getting Help with Books Online -- SQL Server Configuration Manager -- Service Management -- Network Configuration -- The Protocols -- On to the Client -- SQL Server Management Studio -- Getting Started with the Management Studio -- Interacting Through the Query Window -- SQL Server Data Tools (formerly BIDS) -- SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) -- SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) -- SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) -- Bulk Copy Program (BCP) -- SQL Server Profiler -- sqlcmd -- PowerShell -- Summary -- Chapter 3: The Foundation Statements of T-SQL -- Getting Started with a Basic SELECT Statement -- The SELECT Statement and FROM Clause -- The WHERE Clause -- ORDER BY -- Aggregating Data Using the GROUP BY Clause -- Placing Conditions on Groups with the HAVING Clause -- Outputting XML Using the FOR XML Clause -- Making Use of Hints Using the OPTION Clause -- The DISTINCT and ALL Predicates -- Adding Data with the INSERT Statement -- Multirow Inserts.

The INSERT INTO . . . SELECT Statement -- Changing What You've Got with the UPDATE Statement -- The DELETE Statement -- Summary -- Chapter 4: Joins -- Combining Table Data with JOINs -- Selecting Matching Rows with INNER JOIN -- How an INNER JOIN Is Like a WHERE Clause -- Retrieving More Data with OUTER JOIN -- The Simple OUTER JOIN -- Dealing with More Complex OUTER JOINs -- Seeing Both Sides with FULL JOINs -- Understanding CROSS JOINs -- Exploring Alternative Syntax for Joins -- An Alternative INNER JOIN -- An Alternative OUTER JOIN -- An Alternative CROSS JOIN -- Stacking Results with UNION -- Summary -- Chapter 5: Creating and Altering Tables -- Object Names in SQL Server -- Schema Name (aka Ownership) -- The Database Name -- Naming by Server -- Reviewing the Defaults -- The CREATE Statement -- CREATE DATABASE -- Building a Database -- CREATE TABLE -- The ALTER Statement -- ALTER DATABASE -- ALTER TABLE -- The DROP Statement -- Using the GUI Tool -- Creating a Database Using the Management Studio -- Backing into the Code: Creating Scripts with the Management Studio -- Summary -- Chapter 6: Keys and Constraints -- Types of Constraints -- Domain Constraints -- Entity Constraints -- Referential Integrity Constraints -- Constraint Naming -- Key Constraints -- Primary Key Constraints -- Foreign Key Constraints -- UNIQUE Constraints -- CHECK Constraints -- DEFAULT Constraints -- Defining a DEFAULT Constraint in Your CREATE TABLE Statement -- Adding a DEFAULT Constraint to an Existing Table -- Disabling Constraints -- Ignoring Bad Data When You Create the Constraint -- Temporarily Disabling an Existing Constraint -- Rules and Defaults - Cousins of Constraints -- Rules -- Dropping Rules -- Defaults -- Dropping Defaults -- Determining Which Tables and Data Types Use a Given Rule or Default -- Triggers for Data Integrity -- Choosing What to Use -- Summary.

Chapter 7: Adding More to Your Queries -- What Is a Subquery? -- Building a Nested Subquery -- Building Correlated Subqueries -- How Correlated Subqueries Work -- Dealing with NULL Data - the ISNULL Function -- Derived Tables -- Using Common Table Expressions (CTEs) -- Using the WITH Keyword -- Using Multiple CTEs -- Recursive CTEs -- Using the EXISTS Operator -- Filtering with EXISTS -- Using EXISTS in Other Ways -- Mixing Data Types: CAST and CONVERT -- Synchronizing Data with the MERGE Command -- The Merge Command in Action -- A Brief Look at BY TARGET versus BY SOURCE -- Gathering Affected Rows with the OUTPUT Clause -- Through the Looking Glass: Windowing Functions -- ROW_ NUMBER -- RANK, DENSE_ RANK, and NTILE -- One Chunk at a Time: Ad Hoc Query Paging -- Performance Considerations -- Measuring Performance -- JOINs versus Subqueries versus CTEs versus . . . -- Summary -- Chapter 8: Being Normal: Normalization and Other Basic Design Issues -- Understanding Tables -- Keeping Your Data " Normal" -- Before the Beginning -- The First Normal Form -- The Second Normal Form -- The Third Normal Form -- Other Normal Forms -- Understanding Relationships -- One-to-One -- Zero or One-to-One -- One-to-One or Many -- One-to-Zero, One, or Many -- Many-to-Many -- Diagramming Databases -- Tables -- Creating Relationships in Diagrams -- Denormalization -- Beyond Normalization -- Keep It Simple -- Choosing Data Types -- Err on the Side of Storing Things -- Drawing Up a Quick Example -- Creating the Database -- Adding the Diagram and the Initial Tables -- Adding the Relationships -- Adding Some Constraints -- Summary -- Chapter 9: SQL Server Storage and Index Structures -- SQL Server Storage -- The Database -- The Extent -- The Page -- Rows -- Sparse Columns -- Understanding Indexes -- B-Trees -- How Data Is Accessed in SQL Server.

Creating, Altering, and Dropping Indexes -- The CREATE INDEX Statement -- Creating XML Indexes -- Implied Indexes Created with Constraints -- Creating Indexes on Sparse and Geospatial Columns -- Choosing Wisely: Deciding Which Index Goes Where and When -- Selectivity -- Watching Costs: When Less Is More -- Choosing That Clustered Index -- Column Order Matters -- Covering Indexes -- Filtered Indexes -- ALTER INDEX -- Dropping Indexes -- Taking a Hint from the Query Plan -- Why Isn't Your Index Being Used? -- Use the Database Engine Tuning Advisor -- Maintaining Your Indexes -- Fragmentation -- Identifying Fragmentation versus Likelihood of Page Splits -- Summary -- Chapter 10: Views -- Creating Simple Views -- Views as Filters -- Editing Views with T-SQL -- Dropping Views -- Creating and Editing Views in the Management Studio -- Creating Views in Management Studio -- Editing Views in the Management Studio -- Auditing: Displaying Existing Code -- Protecting Code: Encrypting Views -- About Schema Binding -- Making Your View Look Like a Table with VIEW_ METADATA -- Indexed (Materialized) Views -- Indexing an Aggregate View -- Summary -- Chapter 11: Writing Scripts and Batches -- Understanding Script Basics -- Selecting a Database Context with the USE Statement -- Declaring Variables -- Setting the Value in Your Variables -- Reviewing System Functions -- Retrieving IDENTITY Values -- Generating SEQUENCES -- Using @@ROWCOUNT -- Grouping Statements into Batches -- A Line to Itself -- Each Batch Is Sent to the Server Separately -- GO Is Not a T-SQL Command -- Errors in Batches -- When to Use Batches -- Running from the Command Prompt: sqlcmd -- Dynamic SQL: Using the EXEC Command -- Generating Your Code on the Fly -- Understanding the Dangers of Dynamic SQL -- Using Control-of-Flow Statements -- The IF . . . ELSE Statement -- The CASE Statement.

Looping with the WHILE Statement -- The WAITFOR Statement -- Dealing with Errors with TRY/CATCH Blocks -- Summary -- Chapter 12: Stored Procedures -- Creating the Sproc: Basic Syntax -- An Example of a Basic Sproc -- Changing Stored Procedures with ALTER -- Dropping Sprocs -- Parameterizing Sprocs -- Declaring Parameters -- Confirming Success or Failure with Return Values -- How to Use RETURN -- More on Dealing with Errors -- Handling Inline Errors -- Making Use of @@ERROR -- Using @@ERROR in a Sproc -- Handling Errors Before They Happen -- Manually Raising Errors -- Re-throwing Errors -- Adding Your Own Custom Error Messages -- What a Sproc Offers -- Creating Callable Processes -- Using Sprocs for Security -- Sprocs and Performance -- Extended Stored Procedures (XPs) -- A Brief Look at Recursion -- Debugging -- Starting the Debugger -- Parts of the Debugger -- Taking a Break: Breakpoints -- Using the Debugger Once It's Started -- Understanding .NET Assemblies -- When to Use Stored Procedures -- Summary -- Chapter 13: User-Defined Functions -- What a UDF Is -- UDFs Returning a Scalar Value -- UDFs That Return a Table -- Inline UDFs -- Understanding Determinism -- Debugging User-Defined Functions -- Using .NET in a Database World -- Summary -- Chapter 14: Transactions and Locks -- Understanding Transactions -- ACID Transactions -- Introducing Transaction Operations -- Using BEGIN TRAN -- Using COMMIT TRAN -- Using ROLLBACK TRAN -- Using SAVE TRAN -- How the SQL Server Log Works -- Using the Log for Failure and Recovery -- Activating Implicit Transactions -- Understanding Locks and Concurrency -- Clarifying the Purpose of Locks -- Defining Lockable Resources -- Lock Escalation and Lock Effects on Performance -- Understanding Lock Modes -- Clarifying Lock Compatibility -- Specifying a Specific Lock Type - Optimizer Hints -- Setting the Isolation Level.

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