Contents / Inhalt / Table des matières -- Editors' Foreword -- 1. General introduction -- 1.1 Definition -- 1.2 Scope -- 1.3 Themes -- 1.4 State of the art -- 1.5 Structure of the Handbook -- 2. Description of Individual Chapters -- Vorwort der Herausgeber -- 1. Allgemeine Einleitung -- 1.1 Begriffsbestimmungen -- 1.2 Gegenstandsbereich -- 1.3 Thematische Schwerpunkte -- 1.4 Forschungsstand -- 1.5 Aufbau des Handbuchs -- 2. Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Kapiteln -- Préface des éditeurs -- 1. Généralités -- 1.1 Définitions -- 1.2 Envergure -- 1.3 Les dominantes thématiques -- 1.4 L'état de la recherche -- 1.5 Structure du manuel -- 2. Commentaires sur les différents chapitres -- I. The Establishment of Linguistic Traditions in the Near East / Die Anfänge sprachwissenschaftlicher Traditionen im Nahen Osten / La constitution des traditions linguistiques au Proche-Orient -- 1. The Sumerian and Akkadian linguistic tradition -- 1. Writing and languages -- 2. Scribal training -- 3. Akkadian lists -- 4. Linguistic consciousness -- 5. Bibliography -- 2. Indigenous Egyptian grammar -- 1. Introductory remarks -- 2. Natural semantics: Paronomasia -- 3. Systematic formation: Schooling -- 4. Grammatical theory -- 5. Indigenous linguistic terminology -- 6. Practical philology, diglossia -- 7. Lexical work -- 8. Foreign languages -- 9. The concept of language -- 10. Bibliography -- 3. Die Sprachforschung in Ugarit -- 1. Einleitung -- 2. Einheimische Schriftdenkmäler im Rahmen der syllabischen Keilschrift -- 3. Einheimische Schriftdenkmäler im Rahmen der Keilschriftalphabete -- 4. Bibliographie -- II. The Establishment of the Chinese Linguistic Tradition / Die Anfänge der Sprachwissenschaft in China / La constitution de la tradition linguistique chinoise -- 4. Classical Chinese philosophies of language: Logic and ontology.

1. Two aspects of language in early Chinese philosophy -- 2. Nature and function of nonsubstantive words in the Chinese language -- 3. Five positions (theories) of words and sayings in Classical Chinese philosophy -- 4. The Confucian doctrine of zheng-ming "rectifying names" -- 5. The Daoist doctrine of wu-ming "no names" -- 6. Nominalistic tendencies in Yinwenzi -- 7. Platonistic tendencies in Gongsun Long -- 8. The empirical (scientific) realism of names and language in the Neo-Moist Canons (Jing/Shuo) -- 9. Concluding remarks -- 10. Bibliography -- 5. The Suí-Táng tradition of Fǎnqiè phonology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The origins of Fǎnqiè -- 3. Aesthetics of Fǎnqiè organization -- 4. The Qièyùn rime-book -- 5. The significance of the Qièyùn -- 6. Prosody and other linguistic ideas -- 7. Bibliography -- 6. The rime-table system of formal Chinese phonology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The formal system of rime-table phonology -- 3. Phonological categories and their classification -- 4. Classification of initials -- 5. Classification of rimes -- 6. Origins -- 7. Higher structures of the phonological system: paired series of initials -- 8. Other technical terminology -- 9. Chinese alphabets -- 10. Bibliography -- 7. Le rôle du savoir linguistique dans l'éducation et la société chinoise -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Avant l'instauration des examens impériaux -- 3. Après l'institution des examens impériaux -- 4. Conclusion -- 5. Bibliographie -- 8. La tradition linguistique vietnamienne et ses contacts avec la tradition chinoise -- 1. La période chinoise -- 2. La lexicographie vietnamienne -- 3. L'écriture Nôm -- 4. La période moderne -- 5. Bibliographie -- III. The Establishment of the Korean Linguistic Tradition / Die Anfänge der koreanischen Sprachforschung / La constitution de la tradition linguistique coréenne.

9. Die traditionelle Sprachforschung in Korea -- 1. Einleitung -- 2. Die Rahmenbedingungen der traditionellen koreanischen Sprachwissenschaft -- 3. Textsorten, Schriften, Sprachen -- 4. Schlussbemerkung -- 5. Bibliographie -- IV. The Establishment of the Japanese Linguistic Tradition / Die Anfänge der Sprachforschung in Japan / La constitution de la tradition linguistique japonaise -- 10. The Japanese linguistic tradition and the Chinese heritage -- 1. The Chinese origins of Japanese linguistics -- 2. Phonology and the Chinese script in Japan -- 3. The period of 'national learning' -- 4. The work of Motoori Norinaga -- 5. The modern period -- 11. The First Japanese attempts at describing Chinese and Korean bilingualism -- 1. Background and some early developments -- 6. Bibliography -- 2. Tokugawa period (1603-1867) views on Chinese and Korean -- 3. The nature of comparisons and later developments -- 4. Bibliography -- 12. Sprache und Denken in der japanischen Sprachforschung während der Kokugaku -- 1. Einleitung -- 2. Keichū (1640-1701) -- 3. Kamo Mabuchi (1697-1796) -- 4. Motoori Norinaga (1730 -1801) -- 5. Fujitani Nariakira (1738-1779) -- 6. Motoori Haruniwa 1763-1828) -- 7. Suzuki Akira (1764-1837) -- 8. Tōjō Gimon (1786-1834) -- 9. Schluß -- 10. Bibliographie -- 13. Die Frühzeit der neueren japanischen Sprachforschung: Vom Kokugaku zum Kokugogaku -- 1. Der Anfang der neueren japanischen Sprachforschung -- 2. Die linguistischen Bedingungen der Schaffung der modernen Literatur- und Umgangssprache -- 3. Ueda Kazutoshi (1867-1937) -- 4. Ōtsuki Fumihiko (1847-1928) -- 5. Yamada Yoshio (1873-1958) -- 6. Shinmura Izuru (1876-1967) -- 7. Matsushita Daisaburō (1878-1935) -- 8. Hashimoto Shinkichi (1882-1945) -- 9. Die Historiographie der Kokugogaku -- 10. Bibliographie -- 14. The influence of Dutch grammar on Japanese language research.

15. The role of linguistics in Japanese society and education -- 16. Traditional linguistics and Western linguistics in Japan -- V. The Establishment of Sanskrit Linguistics / Die Anfänge der Sanskritforschung / La constitution de l'étude du sanskrit -- 17. Pānini -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pānini's work -- 3. Pānini's derivational system -- 4. Operations -- 5. Zero -- 6. Bibliography -- 18. Die Entwicklung der Sprachwissenschaft in Indien nach Pānini -- 1. Das Mahābhāsya -- 2. Buddhistische Sanskrit Grammatiker -- 3. Jinistische Sanskrit Grammatiker -- 4. Grammatiken der mittelindischen Dialekte -- 5. Werke in der Tradition der Pāninīyas -- 6. Sanskrit Grammatik an den Fürstenhöfen -- 7. Bibliographie -- 19. Indian theories on phonetics -- 1. Preformal phonetic conceptions in Vedic India -- 2. Possible beginnings of a Sanskrit Alphabet in the Atharvaveda -- 3. Phonetic categories in the late Vedic literature -- 4. Beginnings of a formal tradition -- 5. Prātiśākhyas and Śiksās -- 6. The Sanskrit alphabet -- 7. Articulatory process and phonetic distinctiveness -- 8. Levels of distinctiveness and phonological rules -- 9. Other levels of distinctiveness -- 10. Gradual decline of the tradition of Sanskrit phonetics -- 11. Bibliography -- 20. Language and thought in the Sanskrit tradition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Buddhist Abhidharma and Sarvāstivāda: Language and thought, and the basic constituents of the universe -- 3. Meditative experience as a source of relevant data -- 4. Perceptive knowledge and language -- 5. Bhartrhari on language and thought -- 6. Dinnāga on perception and language -- 7. Other reactions on Bhartrhari: Mīmāmsā, Nyāya, Kaśmir Śaivism -- 8. Mīmāmsā: Kumārila (7th century) and Mandana Miśra (8th century) -- 9. Nyāya: Jayanta Bhatta (9th century) and Gangeśa (14th century).

10. Analysis of 'knowledge derived from words' or 'cognition based on language -- 11. Further research -- 12. Bibliography -- 21. The organization of grammar in Sanskrit linguistics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Kinds of rules -- 3. Organization of the Astādhyāyī -- 4. Relations among rules and operations -- 5. Pānini's commentators -- 6. Bibliography -- 22. The relationship between linguistics and other sciences in India -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The origin of grammar -- 3. Interaction with "etymological explanation" (nirukta) -- 4. Influence from philosophy -- 5. Language and philosophy -- 6. Bhartrhari -- 7. Understanding the meaning of a sentence -- 8. Conclusion -- 9. Bibliography -- 23. The role of linguistics in Indian society and education -- 1. Need for linguistic analysis in ancient India -- 2. Purposes of linguistic sciences discussed by ancient linguists -- 3. Linguistic sciences and interpretation of texts -- 4. Conflicting claims about the value of linguistic sciences -- 5. Traditional education and the role of linguistic sciences -- 6. Development of Prakrta grammars -- 7. Vernacular grammars under the colonial rule -- 8. After independence: language policies, politics, and linguistics -- 9. Bibliography -- 24. The Hindi grammatical tradition -- 25. Indian influence on the linguistic tradition of Burma -- 1. Historical background -- 2. 'Half-indianized' Burmese phonetics -- 3. Burmese morphosyntax as seen through Indian terminology -- 4. Bibliography -- 26. Indian influence on the Old Javanese linguistic tradition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. 'Old Javanese' -- 3. The forms of Old Javanese linguistics -- 4. Linguistics and the composition of texts -- 5. Linguistics and hermeneutics -- 6. Religio-philosophical thought, ritual practice, and linguistic scholarship -- 7. Modern Javanese linguistics -- 8. Bibliography.

VI. The Establishment of Dravidian Linguistics / Die Anfänge der dravidischen Sprachforschung / La constitution de la linguistique dravidienne.