Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- 1.    Introduction -- 2.    Climate Change and the Need for New Clean Energy Technologies -- The Growing Global Concern about the Threat of Climate Change -- Clean Energy Technology Options -- The Need for New and Improved Clean Energy Technologies -- 3.    Trends in Energy Research and Development Spending -- A Period of Reduced Energy R&D Spending from Mid-1980s to Early 2000s -- Renewed Public and Private RD&D Activity in Recent Years -- The Increasing Role of Rapidly Growing Client Countries in Energy RD&D -- The Limits of Renewed Energy RD&D Activity -- 4.    Barriers to the Development and Deployment of Clean Energy Technologies -- Negative Externality of Carbon Emissions Is Difficult to Valuate -- Climate Change Mitigation Is a Global Public Good -- The "Valley of Death" between Public- and Private-Sector Development -- The "Mountain of Death" of Technology Costs -- Technology Needs of Developing Countries Are Not Adequately Served -- Intellectual Property Right Protection is a Concern -- The Network Structure of the Electricity Sector Limits Integration of New Technology -- National Interests Can Impede International Collaboration -- Energy RD&D Can Require Large, Sunk Capital Investments -- The Commodity Nature of Electricity -- "Carbon Lock-in," Subsidies, and Barriers to Trade -- Imperfect and Asymmetric Information -- 5.    Case Studies of Technical Innovation from other Sectors -- Agriculture and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) -- Vaccines and Advanced Market Commitments (AMCs) -- Biotechnology and the Human Genome Project (HGP) -- Open Source Software, Creation Networks, and Distributed Innovation -- 6.    Lessons Learned -- Bridging the "Valley of Death".

Pooling Resources to Address Global Public Goods -- Facilitating Innovative Research Partnerships -- Transferring Technology: South-South and North-South -- Sharing Information and Addressing Intellectual Property Rights -- Setting Goals without Picking Winners -- Using World Bank Group Strengths to Promote Technology Development -- 7.    Going Forward -- APPENDIXES -- A    The Stages of Energy Technology Innovation -- B    Overview of Selected Clean Energy Technology Options -- C    Analyses Supporting the Need for Technological Innovation -- D     Historical Data on Government Energy R&D Spending -- Bibliography -- Back Cover.