Contents -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview -- Objectives and Structure of This Report -- Findings -- Conclusions and a Proposed Way Forward -- Chapter 2 Definitions and Data -- Chapter 3 Country Context -- Population, Income, and Poverty -- Macroeconomic Context -- Labor Market Outcomes -- Chapter 4 Growth, Employment, and Labor Productivity -- Comparing the Output and Employment Shares of Sectors and Subsectors -- Decomposing Per Capita Growth into Labor Productivity, Employment, and Demographic Changes -- Annex 4A The Shapley Decomposition -- Annex 4B The Sources of Change in Labor Productivity -- Chapter 5 Relating Aggregate and Sectoral Labor Productivity with Earnings -- Review of Earnings Data -- Sector Comparability -- Chapter 6 Linking Employment and Earnings with Poverty -- Employment and Earnings Profiles of the Population -- Sectoral Employment, Earnings, and Poverty -- The Various Sources of Labor Income and Their Links with Poverty -- Annex 6A Employment and Population Tables -- Annex 6B The Kakwani, Neri, and Son Decomposition of Household Labor Income -- Annex 6C Changes in Labor Income and Sources of Change in Rural and Urban Areas and by Province -- Chapter 7 Good Jobs, Bad Jobs -- The Probability of Getting a Good Job -- The Determinants of Earnings -- Segmentation in the Wage Labor Market -- Annex 7A Determinants of Male and Female, Urban, and RuralEmployment-Tables -- Chapter 8 Conclusions and Suggestionsfor a Way Forward -- References -- Index -- 3.1 Changes in Annual GDP Growth, 1960-2006 -- 3.2 Sectoral Output Growth, 1997-2006 -- 3.3 Subsectoral Output Shares, 2006 -- 3.4 Employment Status by Level of Urbanization, 2005 -- 4.1 Aggregate Contributions to Changes in GDP Per Capita, 1999-2005 -- 5.1 Distributions of Monthly Earnings, 2001 and 2005.

5.2 Distribution of Monthly Earnings by Sector, 2001 and 2005 -- 6C.1 Weekly Household Per Capita Labor Income (MGA) in Urban and Rural Areas by Expenditure Quintile, 2005, 2001, and Percentage Difference -- 6C.2 Sources of Change in Weekly Household Per Capita Labor Income in Rural and Urban Areas for the Overall Populations, the Poor, and the Nonpoor, 2001-05 -- 6C.3 The Provinces of Madagascar -- 2.1 Definitions -- 2.2 Population and Dependency Rates in Madagascar, 1999-2005 -- 3.1 Population, Income, and Poverty inMadagascar, 1960-2005 -- 3.2 Macroeconomic Indicators, 1997-2006 -- 3.3 Growth Trends in the Main Subsectors, 1999-2006 -- 3.4 Basic Labor Market Indicators for Madagascar, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 3.5 Hierarchical Decomposition of the LaborMarket, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 3.6 Low Earnings and Poverty, by Employment Category, Region, and Gender, 2005 -- 3.7 Employment Status and Earnings by Education Level, 2005 -- 4.1 Sector and Subsector Output and Employment Shares, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 4.2 Sectoral Shares of Output and Employment, AllWorkers and the Poorest Quintile, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 4.3 Sectoral Contributions to Changes in GDP Per Capita, 1999-2005 -- 4B.1 The Contribution of Changes in Capital-Labor Ratio and TFP to Changes in Output per Worker, 1999-2005 -- 4B.2 Assessment of the Robustness of Approximations to Capital Stock and a -- 5.1 Monthly Labor Earnings by Sector, 2005 and 2001 -- 5.2 Employment Distribution in the Secondary Sector, 2005 and 2001 -- 5.3 Median Earnings by Sector and Employment Status, 2005 and 2001 -- 6.1 Employment Status of the Working-Age Population by Poverty Level -- 6.2 Employment Status of the Working-Age Employed Population by Poverty Level -- 6.3 Median Monthly Earnings by Employment Status, by Quintile and Poverty Level, 2005 and 2001.

6.4 Structure of Household Income by Quintile and Poverty Level, 2005 and 2001 -- 6.5 Impact of Nonlabor Transfers on Poverty, 2005 and 2001 -- 6.6 Structure of Household Income by Sector and Quintile, 2005 and 2001 -- 6.7 Decomposition of Changes in Poverty into Intrasectoral and Intersectoral Effects, 2001-05 -- 6.8 Household Labor Income Profile, 2005 and 2001 -- 6.9 Simulated Changes in Poverty Due to Changes in Household Labor Income Profile (reference year 2001) -- 6A.1 Employment Status of the Working-Age Population by Quintile and Poverty Level, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 6A.2 Employment Status of the Working-Age Employed Population by Quintile and Poverty Level, 2005, 2001, and 1999 -- 6C.1 Weekly Household Per Capita Labor Income (MGA) in Urban and Rural Areas by Expenditure Quintile, 2005, 2001, and Percentage Difference -- 6C.2 Changes in Household Per CapitaWeekly Labor Income by Province, 2001-05 -- 6C.3 Sources of Changes inWeekly Household Per Capita Labor Income by Province, 2001-05 -- 7.1 Determinants of Daily Earnings, 2005 and 2001 -- 7.2 Determinants of Daily Wage Earnings by Gender, 2005 -- 7.3 Testing for Segmentation-Determinants of DailyWage Earnings, 2005 -- 7A.1 Determinants ofMale Rural Employment, 2005 -- 7A.2 Determinants of Female Rural Employment, 2005 -- 7A.3 Determinants ofMale Urban Employment, 2005 -- 7A.4Determinants of Female Urban Employment, 2005 -- 3.1 Export Processing Zones: Are Drivers of Growth at Risk? -- 3.2 A Lagged Link between Growth of Rice Prices and Production -- 3.3 Integrated Growth Poles: New Motors of Growth? -- 6.1A Closer Look at Child Labor.