Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Executive Summary -- Management Response -- Chairman's Summary: Committee on Development Effectiveness (CODE) -- Statement of the External High-Level Review Panel -- Glossary -- Chapter 1 -- 1 Introduction -- Climate Context -- Global Mitigation Context and the WBG -- Evaluation Questions -- Evaluation Framework -- Evaluation Scope -- Chapter 2 -- 2 Renewable Energy -- Low-Carbon Energy Projects and Their Performance -- Overcoming Barriers to On-Grid Renewable Energy -- On-Grid Renewable Energy: Hydropower -- Energy Access and Low-Carbon Development -- Off-Grid Renewable Energy: Solar Photovoltaics -- The Way Forward for Renewable Energy -- Chapter 3 -- 3 Energy Efficiency -- Energy Efficiency in the First Phase Evaluation -- Using Financial Intermediaries to Overcome Barriers to Energy Efficiency Investments -- Direct Investments in Energy Efficiency -- Transmission and Distribution -- Efficient Light Bulbs -- The Way Forward for Energy Efficiency -- Chapter 4 -- 4 Beyond Energy: Low-Carbon Paths in Cities and Forests -- Urban Transit -- Forests -- Chapter 5 -- 5 Special Topics -- Efficiency in Coal-Fired Generation -- Technology Promotion and Transfer -- Carbon Finance at the WBG -- Chapter 6 -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- The Congruence of Mitigation and Development -- A Systems View Is Essential -- Recommendations -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D -- Appendix E -- Appendix F -- Appendix G -- Appendix H -- Appendix I -- Appendix J -- Appendix K -- Endnotes -- Bibliography -- Photographs.