TABLE OF CONTENTS -- FRONT -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Partners -- Users guide -- 1. WORLD VIEW -- Introduction -- Millennium Development Goals, targets, and indicators -- Tables -- 1.1 Size of the economy -- 1.2 Millennium Development Goals: eradicating poverty and improving lives -- 1.3 Millennium Development Goals: protecting our common environment -- 1.4 Millennium Development Goals: overcoming obstacles -- 1.5 Women in development -- 1.6 Key indicators for other economies -- Text figures, tables, and boxes -- Goal 1 -- Poverty rates are falling, but progress has been uneven -- Country by country progress on poverty -- Malnutrition rates are predicted to fall everywhere-except in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Malnutrition-a persistent problem -- Goal 2 -- More children everywhere are completing primary school -- Country by country progress toward universal primary education -- A long march to literacy -- Patterns of school attendance -- Goal 3 -- More girls in school, but many countries have missed the 2005 target -- Country by country progress toward equal enrollment -- Degrees of difference -- Wealth, gender, and location make a difference -- Goal 4 -- Improving the odds for children -- Country by country progress toward reduced child mortality -- Prevention comes first -- Cruel differences -- Goal 5 -- Mothers at risk in Africa and South Asia -- Country by country progress in providing skilled care at births -- Decreasing risk of young motherhood -- Poor women need reproductive health services -- Goal 6 -- As the HIV/AIDS epidemic matures, the death toll keeps rising -- The HIV epidemic can be reversed -- Tuberculosis rates on the rise or falling slowly -- Malaria is a leading killer in Africa -- Poor children bear the burden of malaria -- Goal 7 -- Water and sanitation-basic services needed by all.

Country by country progress toward access to water . . . -- . . . and to sanitation -- Forests falling -- Fuel for climate change-high carbon dioxide emitters -- Goal 8 -- Many sources and many patterns -- Official development assistance is rising, but still too little -- Tariffs remain high on poor countries' exports -- Debt service is falling, but more relief is needed -- New technologies are spreading quickly -- 1.1a Developing countries produce slightly less than half the world's output -- 1.2a Location of indicators for Millennium Development Goals 1-5 -- 1.3a Location of indicators for Millennium Development Goals 6-7 -- 1.4a Location of indicators for Millennium Development Goal 8 -- 2. PEOPLE -- Introduction -- Tables -- 2.1 Population dynamics -- 2.2 Labor force structure -- 2.3 Employment by economic activity -- 2.4 Child labor -- 2.5 Unemployment -- 2.6 Wages and productivity -- 2.7 Poverty -- 2.8 Distribution of income or consumption -- 2.9 Assessing vulnerability and security -- 2.10 Education inputs -- 2.11 Participation in education -- 2.12 Education efficiency -- 2.13 Education completion and outcomes -- 2.14 Health expenditure, services, and use -- 2.15 Disease prevention coverage and quality -- 2.16 Reproductive health -- 2.17 Nutrition -- 2.18 Health risk factors and public health challenges -- 2.19 Mortality -- Text figures, tables, and boxes -- 2a Total fertility rates by region, 1970, 1980, and 2004 -- 2b Family planning and the fertility transition -- 2c Population growth rates by region (%) -- 2d Total fertility rates in selected Sub-Saharan countries, 2004 -- 2e Desired family size in selected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, latest year available -- 2f Contraceptive method mix, selected countries, 2000-04 -- 2g Sub-Saharan Africa's delayed demographic transition.

2h Projected fertility rates in selected African regions -- 2i Population projections-trends and uncertainty -- 2j The demographic divide: Nigeria and Japan -- 2.4a Of children who work, some combine work and schooling -- 2.7a Regional poverty estimates -- 2.10a Estimated impact of HIV/AIDS on education in three Sub-Saharan countries, 2005 -- 2.14a In Uganda most births in rural areas take place at home -- 2.15a Deaths from diarrhea can be sharply reduced with improvements in drinking water and sanitation -- 3. ENVIRONMENT -- Introduction -- Tables -- 3.1 Rural population and land use -- 3.2 Agricultural inputs -- 3.3 Agricultural output and productivity -- 3.4 Deforestation and biodiversity -- 3.5 Freshwater -- 3.6 Water pollution -- 3.7 Energy production and use -- 3.8 Energy efficiency and emissions -- 3.9 Sources of electricity -- 3.10 Urbanization -- 3.11 Urban housing conditions -- 3.12 Traffic and congestion -- 3.13 Air pollution -- 3.14 Government commitment -- 3.15 Toward a broader measure of savings -- Text figures, tables, and boxes -- 3a More than three-fourths of the 1.4 billion people living on fragile lands are in Asia and Africa -- 3b Water withdrawal is skewed toward agriculture in every developing region -- 3c Many more people lack access to an improved water source in rural than in urban areas -- 3d Sustainable management of forests is spreading -- 3e Use of fossil fuels continues to rise faster than that of other sources of energy -- 3f High-income countries are the leading source of carbon dioxide emissions -- 3g Sub-Sarahan Africa has the highest death rate from respiratory disease -- 3h More efficient use of traditional biomass is improving the lives of women -- 3i Use of renewable sources of energy is growing, but is still small -- 3.1a Ten countries with the largest forest area, 2005.

3.1b Five countries had more than half the world's forest in 2005 -- 3.2a Irrigated lands have increased in all income groups and most regions, putting further pressure on water resources -- 3.3a The 10 countries with the highest cereal yield in 2002-04-and the 10 with the lowest -- 3.5a Agriculture uses 70 percent of freshwater globally -- 3.6a Emission of organic water pollutants declined in most countries from 1990 to 2003 -- 3.7a In 2003 high-income economies, with 15 percent of world population, used 52 percent of world energy-and produced 41 perc -- 3.8a The five largest producers of carbon dioxide . . . -- 3.8b . . . differ significantly in per capita emissions -- 3.9a Electricity sources have shifted since 1990 . . . -- 3.9b . . . with a more profound shift in low-income countries -- 3.10a The urban population in developing countries has increased substantially since 1990 -- 3.11a Selected housing indicators for smaller economies -- 3.12a The 15 countries with the fewest passenger cars per 1,000 people in 2003-and the 15 with the most -- 4. ECONOMY -- Introduction -- Tables -- 4a Recent economic performance -- 4.1 Growth of output -- 4.2 Structure of output -- 4.3 Structure of manufacturing -- 4.4 Structure of merchandise exports -- 4.5 Structure of merchandise imports -- 4.6 Structure of service exports -- 4.7 Structure of service imports -- 4.8 Structure of demand -- 4.9 Growth of consumption investment, and trade -- 4.10 Central government finances -- 4.11 Central government expenses -- 4.12 Central government revenues -- 4.13 Monetary indicators -- 4.14 Exchange rates and prices -- 4.15 Balance of payments current account -- 4.16 External debt -- 4.17 Debt ratios -- Text figures, tables, and boxes -- 4a Fast growing-and backsliding-economies in 2004 -- 4b Inflation, median annual growth of GDP deflator (%) -- 4c Real interest rates (%).

4d Accelerating regional growth -- 4e Raising demand for energy supplies -- 4f China's data revision -- 4.3a Manufacturing growth trends for selected Sub-Saharan countries -- 4.4a Developing economies' share of world merchandise exports continues to increase -- 4.5a Top 10 exporters in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2004 -- 4.6a Top 10 developing country exporters of commercial services in 2004 -- 4.7a The mix of commerical service imports is changing -- 4.9a Gross capital formation and government consumption are both on the rise in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 4.10a Selected developing countries with large cash deficits -- 4.11a Interest payments are a large part of government expenditure for some developing economies -- 4.12a Rich countries rely more on direct taxes -- 4.15a Top 15 countries with the largest current account surplus, and top 15 countries with the largest current account defici -- 4.16a GDP is outpacing external debt in Sub-Saharan countries -- 4.17a The debt burden of Sub-Saharan countries has been falling since 1995 -- 5. STATES AND MARKETS -- Introduction -- Tables -- 5.1 Private sector in the economy -- 5.2 Investment climate -- 5.3 Business environment -- 5.4 Stock markets -- 5.5 Financial access, stability, and efficiency -- 5.6 Tax policies -- 5.7 Defense expenditures and arms transfers -- 5.8 Transport services -- 5.9 Power and communications -- 5.10 The information age -- 5.11 Science and technology -- Text figures, tables, and boxes -- 5a Africa had the lowest business environment reform intensity in 2004 -- 5b Rural access index for selected low-income countries (% of rural population) -- 5.6a Excessive paperwork adds to the time that businesses spend complying with taxes -- 5.10a Europe and Central Asia had the highest Internet use among developing country regions in 2004 305 -- 6. GLOBAL LINKS -- Introduction -- Tables.

6.1 Integration with the global economy.