Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Demographics and Framework -- Demographics -- The Framework -- 3. Education and Learning -- High Enrollments, but Challenges for the Poor -- Ensuring Quality Remains a Challenge -- Risk Factors Impede School Progression -- Challenges in Expanding Education for the Poor and Marginal -- 4. Labor Markets and Business Cycles -- Difficult Times for Youth in Employment, Unemployment, and Wages -- Youth Fared Badly During Business Cycles -- Higher Occupational Mobility for Youth -- The Challenges of Unemployment, Instability, and Early Labor Force Entry -- 5. Growing Up Healthy -- Tobacco-Youth Are Starting to Smoke Younger -- Alcohol Consumption Is Highly Associated with Other Risky Behaviors -- Illegal Drug Use Is Fairly Low, but Usually Starts during Youth -- Promoting Healthy Lives -- 6. Forming Families -- Argentine Youth Are Sexually Initiated at Younger Ages -- Education Is Important for Increased Contraceptive Use -- Poor Youth Are Most at Risk for Unplanned Pregnancies -- High HIV/AIDS Infections May Mean Youth Aren't Aware of Risks -- Better Family Formation to Benefit Today's Youth-And Tomorrow's -- 7. Citizenship and Participation -- Youth and Citizenship-The Challenge of Integration -- Crime and Violence-Obstacles to a Successful Transition -- Actions to Promote Citizenship and Reduce Crime and Violence -- 8. Youth Policy Directions To Reduce Youth At Risk -- Realizing the Benefits of the Demographic Dividend -- Achieving a More Effective Mix of Youth Policies -- Further Policy Directions -- Appendix: Argentina at a Glance -- References -- Map: Argentina -- Table 1.1. Top Problems Identified By Youth Ages 15-24, By Socioeconomic Strata -- Table 1.2. Youth Behaviors and Outcomes Are Interrelated.

Table 2.1. Youth Ages 15-24 in 2005, Selected Countries -- Table 2.2. Youth in Argentina, By Risk Status -- Table 3.1. Education Indicators in Latin America and the Caribbean and the OECD -- Table 3.2. Net Secondary School Enrollment Rates, Selected Years 1992-2005 -- Table 3.3. Population and Enrollment Growth in 1980, 1991, and 2001 -- Table 3.4. Gross Enrollment Rates in Argentina, By Age and Gender, 1992-2005 -- Table 3.5. Nonenrollment, By Area, 2001 -- Table 3.6. Nonenrollment and Attendance Rates By Quintile for 6-17-year-olds -- Table 3.7. Average Years of Education, By Household Income Quintile, 1992, 2000, and 2005 -- Table 3.8. Test Scores for Latin America and the OECD in 2000 -- Table 3.9. Educational Outcomes of Young People, By Age -- Table 3.10. Mothers' and Children's Schooling in Greater Buenos Aires in 2005-Maxium Level of Education Achieved -- Table 3.11. Likelihood of Starting Secondary School, 2005 -- Table 3.12. Likelihood of Completing Secondary School, 2005 -- Table 3.13. Is a Student Likely to Complete Secondary School? -- Table 4.1. Age Distribution of Employed Workers, 1992, 2000, and 2005 -- Table 4.2. Duration of Unemployment -- Table 4.3. Change in Wage Returns over Business Cycles -- Table 4.4. Change in Likelihood of Being Unemployed over the Business Cycle -- Table 4.5. Paths Followed by Youth and Adult Workers in the Labor Market, 1995-2003 -- Table 5.1. Mortality Rate for Ages 15-24 -- Table 5.2. Mortality Due to External Causes, Ages 15-24 -- Table 5.3. Projected Numbers of 15-year-Olds in 2003 Who Will Die Before the Age of 60 -- Table 5.4. Mortality per 100,000 Caused by Road Traffic Injury for Ages 15-29 -- Table 5.5. Tobacco Use in Adolescents -- Table 5.6. Patterns of Tobacco Use for Youth Ages 15-24 -- Table 5.7. Estimated Relative Odds of Smoking Frequently.

Table 5.8. Patterns of Alcohol Use for Youth Ages 15-24 -- Table 5.9. Estimated Relative Odds of Drinking Alcohol on a Regular Basis -- Table 5.10. Patterns of Drug Use for Youth Ages 15-24 -- Table 5.11. Estimated Relative Odds of Having Consumed Drugs -- Table 6.1. Economic and Social Costs of Early Pregnancies -- Table 6.2. Child Mortality Indicators, Selected Countries -- Table 6.3. Child Heath Indicators, Selected Countries -- Table 6.4. Maternal Health Indicators, Selected Countries -- Table 6.5. Cumulative Percentage of Sexually-initiated Youth, By City of Residence and Gender -- Table 6.6. Discrete Event History Estimates Predicting Sexual Initiation Until Age 19 for Men -- Table 6.7. Discrete Event History Estimates Predicting Sexual Initiation Until Age 19 for Women -- Table 6.8. Proportion of Sexually-initiated Women Who Have Used Condoms and the Birth Control Pill -- Table 6.9. Proportion of Sexually-initiated Women Who Have Used Contraception, By Education and Age Group -- Table 6.10. Percentage of Live Births to Mothers Below the Age of 20 for Selected Regions in Argentina, 2004 -- Table 6.11. Discrete Event History Estimates Predicting Adolescent Pregnancy -- Table 6.12. HIV/AIDS Prevalence Estimates among Youth, Selected Countries -- Table 7.1. Voting Behavior and Participation of Youth 18-24, By Income Quintile -- Table 7.2. Declared Level of Trust in the Judicial System, By Age and Income Quintile -- Figure 2.1. Fertility Rate and Life Expectancy -- Figure 2.2. Population Distribution in 1990 -- Figure 2.3. Population Distribution in 2000 -- Figure 2.4. Population Distribution in 2020 -- Figure 2.5. Population Distribution in 2040 -- Figure 2.6. Distribution of Youth Across Regions in Argentina, 2001 -- Figure 2.7. Share of Youth By Region, 2001 -- Figure 2.8. Five Youth Transitions to Adulthood.

Figure 3.1. Nonenrollment Rates, Ages 6-17, 1980, 1991, and 2001 -- Figure 3.2. Enrollment and Population By Age, 2001 -- Figure 3.3. Per Capita GDP and Average Test Scores, Selected Countries -- Figure 3.4. Paths for Students 15-30 Years Old in Greater Buenos Aires -- Figure 4.1. Ratio of Youth to Total Unemployment in Selected Latin American Countries, Average 1993-2003 -- Figure 4.2. Unemployment Rates, By Age, 1992-2003 -- Figure 4.3. Youth Employment and Unemployment Rates, 1992-2003 -- Figure 4.4. Proportion of All Youth Employed and Unemployed in 2005, By Income -- Figure 4.5. Proportion of All Youth Employed and Unemployed in 2005, By Gender -- Figure 4.6. Average Hourly Wage, By Educational Level -- Figure 4.7. Average Hourly Wage, By Age Group -- Figure 4.8. Relative Youth (15-24) and Adult (25-60) Wages, By Region, 1992-2003 -- Figure 4.9. Distribution of Occupations By Category and Age, 1995-2003 -- Figure 5.1. Living with Both Parents Decreases Substance Abuse -- Figure 7.1. Domestic Violence, School Dropout, and Early Sexual Initiation in Four Provinces in Argentina -- Figure 7.2. Homicide Rates for Males -- Figure 7.3. Homicide Rates for Females -- Figure 7.4. Male Homicide Victims, By Age -- Figure 7.5. Female Homicide Victims, By Age -- Box 1.1. Definitions and Concepts -- Box 1.2. World Development Report 2007 and the Regional Youth Study for Latin America and the Caribbean -- Box 1.3. Data Used for Analyses -- Box 2.1. Conceptual Framework for Youth at Risk -- Box 4.1. Typology of Labor Market Paths -- Box 7.1. Digital Inclusion -- Box 7.2. Monitoring and Evaluation among Youth NGOs-Youth As Key Actors at Each Step -- Box 8.1. Youth Are an Asset to Society -- Box 8.2. Interventions for Youth at Risk That Don't Work.