FrontMatter -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Improving Assessments-Questions and Possibilities -- 3 Recent Innovative Assessments -- 4 Political Experiences and Considerations -- 5 Coherent Assessment Systems -- 6 Opportunities for Better Assessment -- 7 Making Use of Assessment Information -- 8 Challenges of Developing New Assessments -- 9 Research Needs -- References -- Appendix A: Workshop Agendas -- Appendix B: Workshop Participants.