Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- CASE STUDIES -- The American Type Culture Collection -- The Multinational Coordinated Arabidopsis Thaliana Genome Research Project -- The Jackson Laboratory -- The Washington Regional Primate Research Center -- The Macromolecular Crystallography Resource at the Cornell High-Energy Synchrotron Source -- The Human Genome Center at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Features of Successful Resource Sharing -- Strong Scientific Leadership in Agencies and the Research Community -- Adequate Core Funding -- Marketing and Advertising -- Clear Guidelines about Ownership and Access -- User Fees -- Clear Policies for Retaining and Discarding Data and Material -- Quality Control -- Well-Defined Policies for Function of Research and Service at the Facility -- Sophisticated Information Retrieval and Transfer Systems -- Issues and Problems -- One Uniform Policy on Resource Sharing is Not Possible -- Incentives and Rewards for Resource Sharing are Not Fully Developed -- Methods for Enforcing Existing Policies on Resource Sharing are Inadequate -- There are Many Private and Public Stakeholders in Any Major Resource Sharing Attempt, Often with Conflicting Goals -- Who Pays and What Do They Pay for? -- Regulatory Requirements and Documentation Can Be Unnecessarily Complex and Burdensome -- Education of Scientists Covers Neither the Ethos of Sharing Nor Intellectual and Tangible Property Issues -- Resource Sharing Can Have National and International Implications -- There is a Gap in Leadership -- Partnerships in Resource Sharing May Be Unequal -- Monopolies Can Be Good or Bad -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- COMPETITION FOR FUNDS -- INCENTIVES FOR SCIENTISTS -- NATIONALISM -- METHODS AND GOALS OF THIS STUDY -- A Member Survey -- The Committee -- The Workshop.

The Report and Its Recommendations -- REFERENCES -- 2 The American Type Culture Collection -- GENERAL FACILITIES -- PROGRAMS -- Collection, Research, and Services Program -- Professional Services Program -- Education Services Program -- Information Services Program -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- COST ISSUES -- OTHER ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 3 The Multinational Coordinated Arabidopsis Thaliana Genome Research Project -- PROJECT ELEMENTS -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- COST ISSUES -- OTHER ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 4 The Jackson Laboratory -- ANIMAL RESOURCE PROGRAMS -- Production, Sale, Derivation, and Maintenance of Mice -- Preservation -- Derivation -- Surgery -- Bioinformatics -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- COST ISSUES -- OTHER ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 5 The Washington Regional Primate Research Center -- FACILITIES AND PROGRAMS -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- COST ISSUES -- OTHER ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 6 The Macromolecular Crystallography Resource at the Cornell High-Energy Synchrotron Source -- USER FACILITIES FOR PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AT SYNCHROTRONS -- THE MACCHESS RESEARCH RESOURCE -- Core Research Projects -- Collaborative Research Projects -- User Research Projects (Service) -- Training and Dissemination -- Workshops and Symposia -- Training Videos -- CHESS Newsletter -- MacCHESS World Wide Web (WWW) Home Page -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- COST ISSUES -- OTHER ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 7 The Human Genome Center: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory -- LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY -- HUMAN GENOME CENTER -- Instrumentation and Technology -- Information -- Biological Materials -- Chromosome 19-Specific Cosmids -- Image Consortium cDNA Clones -- OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS ISSUES -- SUMMARY OF ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- 8 Conclusions and Recommendations -- FEATURES OF SUCCESSFUL RESOURCE SHARING.

Strong Scientific Leadership in Agencies and the Research Community -- Adequate Core Funding -- Marketing and Advertising -- Clear Guidelines about Ownership and Access -- User Fees -- Clear Policies for Retaining and Discarding Data and Material -- Quality Control -- Well-Defined Policies for Function of Research and Service at the Facility -- Sophisticated Information Retrieval and Transfer Systems -- ISSUES AND PROBLEMS -- One Uniform Policy on Resource Sharing is Not Possible -- Incentives and Rewards for Resource Sharing are Not Fully Developed -- Sharing Requires Incentives, Not Disincentives -- The Importance of Material and Data Assets Changes Over Time -- Technologies and Needs are Evolving Very Rapidly -- New Definitions of "Publication" May Have to Evolve to Keep Pace with the New Electronic Information Systems -- Methods for Enforcing Existing Policies on Sharing are Inadequate -- There are Many Private and Public Stakeholders in any Major Resource Sharing Attempt, Often With Conflicting Goals -- Who Pays and What Do They Pay for? -- Regulatory Requirements and Documentation Can Be Unnecessarily Complex and Burdensome -- Education of Scientists Covers Neither the Ethos of Sharing Nor Intellectual and Tangible Property Issues -- Resource Sharing Can Have National and International Implications -- There is a Gap in Leadership -- Partnerships in Sharing Resources May Be Unequal -- Monopolies Can Be Good or Bad -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Appendix A Workshop on Resource Sharing in Biomedical Research -- Appendix B Acronyms.