Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter One: Introduction -- Scope -- Background -- Prior Work -- Overarching Questions to Guide Research -- Generic Issues -- Recurring Dilemmas -- Approach: The Necessity of a System Perspective -- A System View and Analytic Hypotheses -- Depicting System Relationships -- Structure of This Monograph -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Two: Establishing Security -- Introduction -- Overview of the Literature -- Different Approaches to Theory -- Selected Empirical Findings -- Specific Insights from the Counterinsurgency Literature About Providing Security -- A Unifying Conceptual Model -- Overview -- Security Effort -- Resistance Effort -- Favorability of Circumstances -- The Decision to Seek Peace or Reinitiate Conflict -- The Requirements Function -- The Security Dilemma -- Improving the Security Effort -- Security Forces -- Linkages to Political, Social, and Economic Issues -- Conclusions: Security and Self-Sustaining Peace -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Three: Establishing Favorable Political Conditions -- Creating Governing Institutions That Maintain Peace and Stability -- General Observations -- Distinguishing What Is Optimal from What Is Feasible -- Core Requirements and Recurring Issues -- Territorial Partition -- Regime Types -- Autocracies -- Democracies -- Power-Sharing Mechanisms -- The Logic of Power-Sharing -- Critiques of Power-Sharing -- Federalism -- Governing Institutions -- Connecting the Government and the Governed -- The Modern Social Contract -- State-Society Obligations -- Cheating and Bias -- Improving Accountability and Mobilization -- Conclusion -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Four: Political Dilemmas of Stabilization and Reconstruction -- Introduction -- Purpose -- Overview.

Debating Stabilization and Reconstruction -- Controlled State-Building -- Liberal Democratic State-Building -- Decentralized Stabilization and Reconstruction -- Dimensions of the Debate -- Dilemmas of Intervention -- The Dilemmas of Inclusion -- The Dilemma of State Capacity -- The Dilemma of Transition -- Paths to Stabilization -- Understanding Stabilization Environments -- Structures Conducive to Inclusive Stability -- Highly Imbalanced Structures -- Vulnerable Dominance -- Vulnerable Balances -- Paths Toward Stabilization: Tentative Prescriptions for Precarious Transitions -- Conclusions -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Five: Establishing Social Conditions of Trust and Cooperation -- Introduction -- Concepts, Literatures, and Themes -- Concepts -- Identities, Stereotypes, and Narratives -- Contact Theory -- Post-Conflict Intervention -- A Composite Picture -- Policy Mechanisms for Social Reconstruction -- Transitional Justice -- Efforts to Develop Civil Society -- Media and Communication -- Peace Education -- Linkages -- Integrative Considerations and Discussion -- Context-Specificity -- Sequencing of Trust-and-Cooperation-Relevant Interventions -- Local Ownership and Legitimacy -- Role of Elites -- Conclusions -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Six: Establishing Desirable Economic Conditions -- Introduction -- Reorienting for Post-Conflict Environments -- Post-Conflict Economics Versus "Business as Usual" -- Insecurity -- Weak Rule of Law, or Bad Law -- Corruption, Poor Governance, and Weak Institutions -- Foreign Aid and Foreign Donors -- Macroeconomic Problems -- Sovereignty Issues -- Recurrence of Conflict -- A Customized Approach -- Initial Conditions -- How Conflict Began -- How Conflict Ended -- Somalia and the Solomon Islands: A Comparison -- What Can We Learn from History? -- Goals and Measurements for Economic Reconstruction.

Providing Conditions for Economic Improvements -- Generating Employment -- Tackling Horizontal Inequalities (Distributional Issues) -- Public-Sector Management -- Other Post-Conflict Development Issues -- Security First -- Keep Politics in Mind -- Timing and Prior Planning -- Coordination -- Foreign Aid -- Best Practices -- General -- Role of International Organizations Versus Role of the State -- Basic Institutional Framework -- Macroeconomic Policymaking -- Microeconomic Policymaking -- Conclusions -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Seven: Dilemmas of Foreign Aid in Post-Conflict Areas -- Introduction -- Background on Foreign Assistance and Its Effectiveness -- Types of Aid -- Motivations and Objectives -- Controversy About Effectiveness and Efficiency -- Using Conditionalities to Improve Effectiveness -- Reconciling Short-Term and Longer-Term Objectives -- Sources of Tension -- Failures of "Political Markets" Affecting Short- and Long-Term Prospects -- Making Aid More Effective by Allocating It More Objectively -- Criticisms and Cautions -- When Aid-Giving Should or Should Not Go Through the Recipient Government -- Conclusions -- Endnotes -- References -- Chapter Eight: Final Observations -- What We Have Tried to Do -- Broad Observations -- Strategies and Decision Support for Strategy-Making -- Analytic Methods -- Future Research -- Endnotes -- References.