3D and HD Broadband Video Networking -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Empowering High-Quality Digital Video Delivery -- 1.1 Wither the Set-Top Box and Digital Video Recorder? -- 1.2 The Rise of HD and 3D Video -- 1.3 Video Content Distribution -- 1.4 Content Quality versus Video Quality -- 1.5 Multiscreen Video -- 1.6 Mobile Video -- 1.7 Streaming Protocols -- 1.8 The User-TV Interface -- 1.9 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 2 The Access and Home Networks -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 IPTV over DSL -- 2.3 Broadband Cable Networks -- 2.3.1 DOCSIS Standard -- 2.4 Transport and Streaming Protocols -- 2.4.1 Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) -- 2.4.2 Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) -- 2.4.3 Real-Time Transport Streaming Protocol (RTSP) -- 2.4.4 Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) -- 2.4.5 TCP and HTTP -- 2.4.6 TCP Operation in an Access Network -- 2.4.7 UDP Operation in an Access Network -- 2.4.8 Optimizing TCP Operation on the Internet -- 2.4.9 Optimizing Transport Protocols for Video Streaming -- 2.5 Link Quality Measurement -- 2.6 MPEG Video Encapsulation -- 2.7 IP Multicast -- 2.7.1 Mechanisms -- 2.7.2 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) -- 2.7.4 Challenges for Multicast Access Networks -- 2.7.5 Peer-to-Peer Multicast -- 2.7.6 Robust Peer-to-Peer Video Streaming -- 2.8 Quality of Experience (QoE) versus Quality of Service (QoS) -- 2.8.1 Packet Losses versus Packet Errors -- 2.8.2 Codec Losses -- 2.8.3 Network Coding and Fountain Codes -- 2.8.4 Free Video Previews and Video Pausing -- 2.9 Home Entertainment Networks -- 2.9.1 Display Technologies -- 2.9.2 High-Speed Digital Interfaces -- 2.9.3 Emerging Wireless Home Network Standards -- 2.10 The Metro Network and Broadband Convergence -- 2.10.1 Provider Backbone Bridges (PBB) -- 2.10.2 Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE).

2.10.3 Carrier-Class Ethernet OAM Tools -- 2.10.4 Next-Generation Network (NGN) Migration -- 2.11 Conclusions -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Exercises -- Chapter 3 Video Fundamentals -- 3.1 Display Resolution and Visual Quality -- 3.1.1 Serial Digital Interface (SDI) -- 3.2 Video Compression -- 3.3 Video Containers -- 3.3.1 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) -- 3.4 H.264, VC-1, and VP8 Standards -- 3.5 H.264 Architecture -- 3.5.1 Video Coding and Network Abstraction Layers -- 3.5.2 VCL and NAL Packetization -- 3.5.3 An RFC 3984 H.264 Transport Framework -- 3.6 Fundamental H.264 and VC-1 Benefits -- 3.6.1 Spatial, Temporal, and Bit Rate Scalability -- 3.6.2 Error Resilience -- 3.6.3 Error Concealment (EC) -- 3.7 H.264 versus MPEG-2, VC-1, and VP8 -- 3.7.1 Entropy Coding -- 3.7.2 Block Size -- 3.7.3 In-Loop Deblocking -- 3.7.4 Motion Compensation, Estimation, and Prediction -- 3.7.5 Multiple Reference Frames -- 3.7.6 Multiview Coding (MVC) -- 3.8 Efficient Video Network Transport -- 3.8.1 Dealing with Packet Corruption -- 3.8.2 Selective Information Dropping -- 3.8.3 Impact on Perceived Video Quality -- 3.9 H.264 Coding Parameters -- 3.10 Quantization -- 3.11 Video Delivery Platforms -- 3.12 Online versus PayTV Viewing -- 3.13 Video Quality Assessment -- 3.13.1 Subjective versus Objective Metrics -- 3.13.2 Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) -- 3.13.3 Structural Similarity (SSIM) Index -- 3.13.4 Czenakowski Distance (CZD) -- 3.13.5 Observable versus Perceptual Visual Artifacts -- 3.14 CBR versus VBR Coding -- 3.15 Scalable Video Coding -- 3.16 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 4 The H.264 Standard -- 4.1 Profiles and Levels -- 4.2 CABAC versus CAVLC -- 4.2.1 CABAC and CAVLC under VBR Mode -- 4.2.2 CABAC and CAVLC under CBR Mode -- 4.3 Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO) -- 4.3.1 RDO under VBR -- 4.3.2 RDO under CBR.

4.4 Flexible Macroblock Ordering (FMO) -- 4.4.1 Overheads -- 4.4.2 FMO Operating under CBR -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 5 Short-Term H.264 Bandwidth Prediction -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Statistical Characteristics of H.264 Coded Videos -- 5.3 Problem Formulation -- 5.4 Traffic Model for B Frame Size Prediction -- 5.5 Results and Discussion -- 5.6 Model Enhancements -- 5.7 Results and Discussion -- 5.8 Traffic Model for GOP Size Prediction -- 5.9 Model Enhancement with Predicted Scene Change Detector -- 5.10 SAD Method for Scene Change Detection and Adaptation -- 5.11 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 6 Long-Term H.264 Bandwidth Prediction -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Long-Range Dependency and Hurst Parameter -- 6.3 Model Formulation -- 6.4 Impact of Video Quality and Video Coding Standard -- 6.4.1 Impact of Different QP Values -- 6.4.2 Impact of Using the Same QP Value -- 6.4.3 Global Comparison of MPEG-2 and H.264 -- 6.4.4 Impact of Multiplexing H.264 Videos -- 6.5 Conclusions -- References -- Appendix: Traffic Modeling -- A.1 Data Traffic -- A.2 Web Traffic -- A.3 Voice Traffic -- A.4 Video Traffic -- A.5 Heavy Distributions -- A.6 Stationary Traffic Models -- A.6.1 Short Range -- A.6.2 Long Range -- A.6.3 Arbitrary Distributions -- Exercises -- Chapter 7 Lossless FMO Removal for H.264 Videos -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 FMO Removal -- 7.3 Visual Quality Performance Evaluation -- 7.4 Using Multiple Slices -- 7.5 Overheads -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 Error Concealment Methods forImproving Video Quality -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Error Concealment for HD Videos -- 8.2.1 Results -- 8.2.2 FMO Overheads -- 8.3 Error Concealment for SD Videos -- 8.4 Temporal Error Concealment -- 8.4.1 Algorithm -- 8.4.2 Performance Evaluation -- 8.5 Conclusions -- Exercises.

Chapter 9 Video Traffic Smoothing and Multiplexing -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Basics of Video Smoothing -- 9.3 A Video Smoothing Algorithm -- 9.4 Live HD Video Streaming -- 9.4.1 Raw Streaming -- 9.4.2 Progressive Streaming -- 9.4.3 Frame Smoothed Streaming -- 9.5 Impact of Player's Buffer Size -- 9.6 Impact of Transport Protocols -- 9.7 Peak to Average Rate (PAR) -- 9.8 Multiplexing of Composite VBR Videos -- 9.9 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 10 Intelligent Policy Resource Management -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Policy-Based Approach to Bandwidth Management -- 10.2.1 Scheduling Methods -- 10.2.2 Surplus Bandwidth -- 10.3 Intelligent Resource Management (IRM) -- 10.4 Performance Analysis -- 10.4.1 OPNET Simulation Setup for a Cable Network -- 10.4.2 Dynamic Bandwidth Limitation -- 10.4.3 Implementation and Measured Results -- 10.5 Conclusions -- References -- Appendix: Optimized MAP Throughput -- Exercises -- Chapter 11 Supporting Compressed Video Applications over DOCSIS Cable Networks -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Measured Performance of a DOCSIS Cable Network -- 11.2.1 Experimental Setup -- 11.2.2 Measured Results -- 11.3 A QoS Model for the CMTS Scheduler -- 11.4 Peer-to-Peer File Sharing -- 11.5 Real-Time Peer-to-Peer Streaming -- 11.6 Video-Aware DOCSIS 3.0 Architecture -- 11.7 Program Scheduling Challenges -- 11.8 Simulation Model and Results -- 11.9 Conclusions -- References -- Exercises -- Chapter 12 Intelligent Activity Detection Techniques for Advanced Video Surveillance Systems -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 System Overview -- 12.2.1 Suspicious Activity Detection -- 12.2.2 Human Fall Detection -- 12.3 Experimental Results -- 12.3.1 Suspicious Activity Detection -- 12.3.2 Human Fall Detection -- 12.3.3 Shadow Removal Enhancement -- 12.4 Conclusions -- References.

Chapter 13 Hand Gesture Control for Broadband-Enabled HDTVs and Multimedia PCs -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Related Work -- 13.2 Gesture Matching Methods -- 13.2.1 Motion Pattern Matching -- 13.2.2 Skin Color Matching and Fourier's Descriptors -- 13.3 Using H.264 Motion Vectors for Motion Tracking -- 13.3.1 Histogram Matching for Trajectory Recognition -- 13.4 Hand Tracking for Mouse Cursor Control -- 13.4.1 Trajectory Formation Using Motion History -- 13.4.2 Using the Global Motion Vector to Track Trajectory -- 13.4.3 Scrolling When User is Located at Varying Distances -- 13.4.4 Experimental Setup -- 13.4.5 Comparison of Trajectory Tracking Methods -- 13.5 Hand Reference Extraction Using a Stereo 3D Webcam -- 13.6 Conclusions -- References -- Glossary -- About the Author -- Index.