Uses Of Inorganic Chemistry In Medicine -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metal Ions in Disease. The Use of Chelating Agents -- Metalloproteins as Drug Targets -- Zinc and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- Zinc Fingers as Medicinal Target -- Matrix Metalloproteinases -- 3 Modulation of Cellular Responses by Metal-containing Drugs -- 4 Metal-based Chemotherapeutic Drugs -- 5 Metal Complexes as Diagnostic Agents -- 6 Summary and Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 2 Biomedical Uses of Lithium -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 New Uses of Lithium -- 4 Chemistry of Lithium -- 5 Distribution of Lithium in the Body and in Cells -- 6 Studies Using Lithium Isotopes -- Tissue Localisation and Transport of Lithium -- Cellular Localisation of Lithium -- 7 Biochemistry of Lithium -- Magnesium and Calcium -- Lithium and the Phosphoinositide Signalling System -- 8 Lithium at the Cell Periphery: A Novel Viewpoint -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Gold Complexes with Anti-arthritic, Anti-tumour and Anti-HIV Activity -- 1 Introduction -- Chrysotherapy -- History of Medicinal Uses -- Rheumatoid Arthritis and Putative Mechanisms of Action -- 2 Gold Chemistry -- Oxidation States -- Gold(I) Complexes -- Gold(III) Complexes -- Oxidation-Reduction Potentials -- 3 Gold Biochemistry and Pharmacology -- In Vivo metabolism and Ligand Displacement -- Cellular Chemistry - The Thiol Shuttle Model -- Protein Chemistry -- Serum Albumin -- Hemoglobin -- Aurothioneins -- Glutathione Peroxidase -- Cyanide Metabolites -- Oxidation States In Vivo -- Antigenic Peptides -- 4 Anti-Tumaur Activity -- Auranofin and Analogues -- Bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane Gold Complexes -- Gold Complexes of Known Anti-Tumour Agents -- Cisplatin Analogues -- Prospects for Gold-Based Anti-Cancer Drugs -- 5 Anti-HIV Activity -- 6 Conclusions -- References.

Chapter 4 Nitric Oxide in Physiology and Medicine -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Physical Properties of NO -- 3 Measurement of NO in Biological and Chemical Systems -- Direct Measurement -- Indirect Measurement -- 4 Nitric Oxide and the Respiratory System -- 5 Nitric Oxide and the Cardiovascular System -- 6 Nitric Oxide and the Nervous System -- Peripheral Nervous System -- Synaptic Plasticity -- Cerebral Circulation -- Neurodegeneration -- 7 Nitric Oxide and the Immune System -- Reference -- Chapter 5 Therapeutic Aspects of Manganese(II)-based Superoxide Dismutase Mimics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Results and Discussion -- Therapeutic Strategy of Superoxide Dismutase Mimics -- Stopped Flow Kinetic Analysis: A Direct Assay for Superoxide Dismutase Activity -- Design of Manganese-based Superoxide Dismutase Mimics -- Advantages of Superoxide Dismutase Mimics over Superoxide Dismutase Enzymes -- Conformational Control of Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Stability -- Inhibition of Neutrophil-Mediated Human Aortic Endothelial Cell Injury by Superoxide Dismutase Mimics -- Lipophilicity -- Inhibition of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Isolated Heart -- Protection against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury In Vivo -- Potentiation of Nitric Oxide -- Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Manganese(II)-based Superoxide Dismutase Mimics -- 3 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6 Vanadium Compounds as Possible Insulin Modifiers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Characterization of Vanadium's Insulin-mimetic Effects -- 3 Sites of Action of Vanadium -- 4 Animal Studies and Human Trials -- 5 Toxicological Considerations -- 6 Improved Tissue Uptake with Metal Chelation -- 7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7 Cisplatin-based Anticancer Agents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Clinical Properties -- Cisplatin versus Carboplatin -- Iproplatin.

Determination of Platinum Drug Levels and Pharmacokinetics -- 3 Platinum Chemistry -- Mechanism of Action -- Structure-specific Damage-Recognition Proteins -- 4 Mechanisms of Resistance to Cisplatin/Carboplatin -- 5 Circumvention of Tumour Resistance to Cisplatin -- Development of New Platinum Drugs -- Diaminocyclohexane Platinum Complexes -- Orally Active Platinum Complexes: JM216 -- Other Platinum-based Agents -- Dose Intensification of Cisplatin/Carboplatin -- Combinations with Other Anticancer Agents: Paclitaxel -- Modulation of Platinum Resistance Mechanisms -- 6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 8 Dinuclear and Trinuclear Platinum Anticancer Agents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dinuclear and Trinuclear Platinum Complexes as Anticancer Agents -- 3 Biological Activity of Polynuclear Platinum Complexes. Summary and p53 Status of Human Tumors Treatable by BBR3464 -- Biological Activity and p53 Status -- Comparison with Other Clinical Cross-linking Agents -- 4 Structure-Activity Relationships in Polynuclear Platinum Complexes -- 5 DNA Binding of Polynuclear Platinum Complexes -- Cooperative Effects in the Solution Structures of Site-specific (Pt,Pt) Interstrand Cross-links -- 6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 9 Oxidation Damage by Bleomycin, Adriamycin and Other Cytotoxic Agents That Require Iron or Copper -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Bleomycin -- Clinical Use -- Animal and Cellular Studies on the Role of Iron in the Cytotoxicity of Bleomycin -- Cellular Properties of DNA Strand Scission -- Biochemical Mechanisms of DNA damage -- Characterization of DNA Damage by FeBlm -- Solution Properties of Metallobleomycins Related to the DNA Damage Reaction -- Properties of Metallobleomycins Bound to DNA -- Structural Properties of CoBlm Species in Solution and Bound to DNA -- Role of the Metal Domain in Site Selectivity -- 3 Adriamycin -- Aspects of Clinical Use.

Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Reaction of Adriamycin with Iron -- Biological Model Reactions of Fe(III)Adrn -- 4 Redox Active Copper Complexes and the Design of New Drugs -- References -- Subject Index.