FORESTRY: RESEARCH, ECOLOGY AND POLICIES -- FORESTRY: RESEARCH, ECOLOGY AND POLICIES -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 THE CONFLICT BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND FORMAL KNOWLEDGE IN FINNISH AND SWEDISH FOREST MANAGEMENT IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Silvicultural Paradigms on a Collision Course, CA. 1900-1948 -- The Logging Method -- Dependence of Agriculture on Forestry -- Traditional Knowledge Vs. Financial Incentives, from 1948 to the 1980s -- The Revival of Traditional Knowledge, since the 1980s -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 KNOWLEDGE GAINED AND GAPS SUGGESTED FROM RECENT FORESTRY-RELATED GPS RESEARCH -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Satellite Navigation (GPS) Testing Procedures -- Recent Research Results -- Static Position Analysis -- Horizontal Position Accuracy -- Vertical Position Accuracy -- Dynamic Position Analysis -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 NATURAL REGENERATION OF PINUS NIGRA ARN SPP SALZMANNII FOREST IN CUENCA MOUNTAINS (SPAIN): A PROBLEM FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General Description of the European Black Pine (Pinus Nigra Arn) -- 3. Natural Regeneration of Spanish Black Pine (Pinus Nigra Arn. ssp Salzmannii (Dunal) Franco) -- 4. Principal Purpose of ohis Research Work -- 5. Spanish Black Pine Forest Management Strategies in Cuenca Mountain -- References -- Chapter 4 EVALUATION AND IMPLICATIONS OF FREE-RANGING GARRANO HORSES IN THE RISK OF FOREST FIRES - THE STUDY CASE OF VIEIRA DO MINHO MUNICIPALITY (PORTUGAL) -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Site Tested -- Results -- Land Use -- Cattle -- Renovation of Pastures -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Sources.

Chapter 5 MULTISCALAR ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL PATTERN OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS IN CENTRAL AFRICA JUSTIFIED BY THE PATTERN/PROCESS PARADIGM: TWO CASE STUDIES -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction: Landscape Ecology and Tropical Forest Ecology -- 2. Forest Definition and its Impact on Fragmentation Assessment in the Katanga Province (Democratic Republic of the Congo). -- 2.1 Context, Data Set and Methods -- 2.2. Results and Discussion -- 3. Forest Structure and its Impact on Understory Diversity in the Bururi Forest Nature Reserve (Burundi). -- 3.1. Context, Data Set and Methods -- 3.2. Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 SEEDLING GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF INDIGENOUS TREE SPECIES ALONG A LIGHT GRADIENT IN A DRY AFROMONTANE FOREST -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Site -- Study Species -- Seedling Growth Experiment and Light Environment -- Data Analyses -- Results -- Seedling Survival -- Light Effects And Intra-Specific Growth Variations -- Light Effects and Inter-Specific Growth Variations -- Relationships in Plant Growth Traits and Determinants of RGR -- Discussion -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7 FORESTRY TRADE AND POPULATION GROWTH IN THE PHILIPPINES IN A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM FRAMEWORK -- Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. Population Vs. Trade Practices -- Population Growth -- Technological Progress -- Export Tax -- Removal of Assistance to Industries -- III. The CGE Model -- IV. Data Base and Model Assumptions -- V. Results of Policy Simulations -- Macroeconomic Results -- Employment Effects and Balance of Payments -- Effects of Sectoral Employment and Production -- Effects on Income Distribution -- Conclusion -- Appendices -- References -- Chapter 8 FORESTRY EDUCATION TOWARDS ECOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION* -- Abstract -- I. Introduction.

II. Co-Development of Discipline and Individuals -- III. Carbon Cycling Mechanisms -- IV. Ecological Amelioration of Saline-Alkali Soils -- V. Biological Invasion and Conservation -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE SYNTHETIC ASSESSMENT SYSTEM OF FOREST ECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN BEIJING AREA* -- Abstract: -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Research Area and Research Method -- 2.1. General Information of the Research Area -- 2.2. Research Method -- 2.2.1. Theories of Forest Ecosystem Health -- 2.2.2 Assessment Model -- 2.2.3. Application -- 3. The Foundation of the SAS-BFEH -- 3.1. Selection and Assessment of the Structure Indices -- 3.1.1. The Assessment of the Structure Stability -- 3.1.2. The Assessment of Biodiversity -- 3.1.3. The Assessment of the Environment Quality -- 3.1.3.1. The Assessment of the Bioclimatic Condition -- 3.1.3.2. The Assessment of Forestland Quality -- 3.1.3.3. The Assessment of Social Environment -- 3.2. The Selection and Assessment of the Function Indices -- 3.2.1. The assessment of Vigor -- 3.2.2. The Assessment of the Service Function -- 3.3. The Selection and Assessment of the Disturbance Indices -- 4. Case Study -- 4.1. Sample Plot Investigation -- 4.2.1. Establishment of the Hierarchical Structure -- 4.2.3. Calculation of the HCI -- 4.3. Result Analysis -- 4.3.1. Result Analysis of Badaling Forest Farm -- 4.3.2. result analysis of Xishan forest farm -- 4.3.3. Overall Analysis of the Two Forest Farms -- 4.4. Management Strategy for Forest Ecosystem Health -- 4.4.1. Strategy to Natural Forest -- 4.4.2. Strategy to Plantation -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.