Reducing the Burden of Injury -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- REFERENCES -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- THE INJURY FIELD -- THE MISSION AND THE BOUNDARIES OF THE INJURY FIELD -- SURVEILLANCE AND DATA NEEDS -- PREVENTION RESEARCH -- CASE STUDIES ON PREVENTION -- TRAUMA CARE -- STATE AND COMMUNITY RESPONSE -- FEDERAL RESPONSE -- COORDINATION AND LEADERSHIP -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 1 The Injury Field -- STUDY BACKGROUND -- ORIGINS OF THE INJURY FIELD -- INJURY AS A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM -- THE MISSION AND BOUNDARIES OF THE INJURY FIELD -- From "Accident Prevention" to "Injury Prevention" -- A Broader Field -- Boundaries -- VOCABULARY OF THE INJURY FIELD -- Injury and Accident -- Intentionality -- Prevention and Treatment -- Control -- DEVELOPMENT OF THE INJURY FIELD -- Growth and Cohesion -- Maturity -- Controversies in the Field -- Regulation and Freedom -- Federalism and Priority Setting -- Science and Advocacy -- ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT -- REFERENCES -- 2 Magnitude and Costs -- OVERALL BURDEN OF INJURY: MORTALITY RATES -- Trends in Injury Mortality Rates: 1985 to 1996 -- OVERALL BURDEN OF INJURY: MORBIDITY -- PATTERNS OF INJURY IN THE POPULATION -- Patterns of Injury by Age, Gender, Race, and Ethnicity -- Mortality -- Hospitalization -- Emergency Department Visits -- Patterns of Injury by Cause -- Patterns of Occupational Injury -- THE COST OF INJURY -- REFERENCES -- 3 Surveillance and Data -- CODING ISSUES -- Coding the Nature of the Injury -- Coding the Causes of Injury -- EXISTING DATA SOURCES -- National Data Sources -- State and Local Sources of Injury Data -- DATA LINKAGES -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 4 Prevention Research -- RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS -- Unintentional Injury Prevention -- Intentional Injury Prevention -- Suicide Prevention -- Violence Prevention -- Prevention Interventions -- Individual Behavior.

Agent -- Physical Environment -- Socioeconomic Environment -- RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES -- Broadening the Scope of Prevention Research -- Injury Biomechanics -- Biological Sciences -- Behavioral Sciences -- Epidemiology -- Training and Research Funding -- Communicating Results -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 5 Case Studies on Prevention -- MOTOR VEHICLE INJURIES -- Reasons for Progress: A Comprehensive Approach -- Surveillance -- Regulation and Legislation -- Research -- State and Local Programs -- Public Support -- Ongoing Controversies -- Safety Versus Mobility -- Active Versus Passive Protection -- Risk Compensation -- Mandatory Requirements and Primary Enforcement -- Access and Licensing Issues -- Opportunities for Further Progress -- FIREARM INJURIES -- Current Overview and Future Opportunities -- Surveillance -- Regulation and Legislation -- Research -- State and Local Programs -- Ongoing Controversies -- Issues of Individual Freedom -- Instrumentality and Availability -- Child and Adolescent Vulnerability -- Goals and Priorities for Action -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 6 Trauma Care -- OVERVIEW OF TRAUMA CARE SYSTEMS -- Special Populations -- System Management and State or Regional Agencies -- Personnel and Training -- ROLE OF TRAUMA SYSTEMS IN PRIMARY PREVENTION, SURVEILLANCE, AND RESEARCH -- GROWTH IN TRAUMA CARE SYSTEMS -- OUTCOMES OF TRAUMA CARE SYSTEMS -- RESEARCH ON TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS -- Injury Severity and Case Mix -- Outcome Measures -- COSTS OF TRAUMA CARE SYSTEMS -- Cost-Effectiveness of Trauma Care Systems -- FINANCING OF TRAUMA SYSTEMS -- History of Federal and State Support for Trauma Systems -- Current Federal and State Funding for Trauma Care Systems -- Financing of Patient Care -- ADVENT OF MANAGED CARE -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 7 State and Community Response -- STRENGTHENING THE PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE.

Data and Surveillance -- Strategic Planning -- Technical Assistance -- Funding -- Federal Funding -- State and Local Funding -- Integrating Injury Prevention Efforts into Health Care Delivery -- COLLABORATION AND COALITION BUILDING -- Collaboration -- Coalition Building -- TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -- Training Injury Prevention Practitioners -- Training Health Care Professionals in Injury Prevention -- Technical Assistance -- INTEGRATING RESEARCH AND PRACTICE -- PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ADVOCACY -- Raising Public Awareness -- Advocacy -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 8 Federal Response -- NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION -- Regulation -- Resources and Structure -- Research -- Surveillance -- Assessment and Recommendation -- State and Local Programs -- Research and Training -- CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION -- Resources and Structure -- Regulation -- Surveillance, Research, and Standards Development -- Public Education -- Assessment and Recommendation -- Surveillance -- Research -- OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION -- Resources and Structure -- Regulation -- Enforcement -- Surveillance -- Training -- Assessment -- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH -- Resources and Structure -- Research Priority Setting -- Training Grants -- Education -- Assessment and Recommendation -- NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH -- Resources -- Training -- Assessment and Recommendation -- MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH BUREAU -- Resources and Structure -- Injury-Related Grants and Contracts -- Special Projects of Regional and National Significance -- Community Integrated Service Systems (CISS) -- Emergency Medical Services for Children -- Traumatic Brain Injury Demonstration Grants Program -- Assessment -- OFFICE OF JUSTICE PROGRAMS -- National Institute of Justice -- Resources and Structure -- Research -- Training.

Assessment and Recommendation -- NATIONAL CENTER FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL -- Resources and Structure -- Research Grants -- Cooperative Agreements -- Training -- Assessment and Recommendations -- Research Accomplishments -- Priority Areas for Future Research -- Training -- Building State and Community Infrastructure -- Nuturing the Injury Field -- COORDINATION AND LEADERSHIP -- REFERENCES -- 9 Challenges and Opportunities -- COORDINATION AND COLLABORATION -- Public-Private Partnerships -- Roles of Federal Agencies -- STRENGTHENING CAPACITY FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE -- Training -- Investigator-Initiated Research -- State Public Health Infrastructure -- INTEGRATING THE FIELD -- Mission -- Scientific Communication -- NURTURING PUBLIC SUPPORT -- PROMOTING INFORMED POLICY MAKING -- Improving Surveillance Systems -- Protecting Science -- Priority Setting for Research and Social Action -- REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- A Acknowledgments -- B Timeline -- SOURCES -- C Public Meeting Agenda -- D Acronyms -- Index.