Organic Nanomaterials : Synthesis, Characterization, and Device Applications.
Title:
Organic Nanomaterials : Synthesis, Characterization, and Device Applications.
Author:
Torres, Tomas.
ISBN:
9781118354353
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (627 pages)
Contents:
ORGANIC NANOMATERIALS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- CONTRIBUTORS -- 1 A PROPOSED TAXONOMY AND CLASSIFICATION STRATEGY FOR WELL-DEFINED, SOFT-MATTER NANOSCALE BUILDING BLOCKS -- 1.1 INTRODUCTION -- 1.2 ADAPTATION OF LINNAEAN TAXONOMY PRINCIPLES TO A NEW NANO-CLASSIFICATION SCHEME -- 1.2.1 Taxonomy of Biological Structures and Organisms -- 1.2.2 Protein Taxonomies -- 1.2.3 Virus Taxonomies -- 1.3 HOW DOES NATURE TRANSFER STRUCTURAL INFORMATION FROM A LOWER HIERARCHICAL LEVEL TO HIGHER COMPLEXITY? -- 1.4 THE USE OF CLADOGRAMS FOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF WELL-DEFINED BIOLOGICAL (MICRON SCALE/MACROSCALE), ATOMIC (PICOSCALE), AND NANOSCALE BUILDING BLOCKS -- 1.4.1 Taxonomy of Biological Entities -- 1.4.2 Taxonomy of Atomic Elements -- 1.4.3 In Quest of a Taxonomy for Nonbiological Nanoscale Structures and Assemblies -- 1.5 HEURISTIC MAGIC NUMBER MIMICRY AT THE SUBATOMIC, ATOMIC, AND NANOSCALE LEVELS -- 1.5.1 Heuristic Atom Mimicry of Dendrimers: Nano-Level Core-Shell Analogues of Atoms -- 1.6 ELEMENT CATEGORIES AND THEIR HYBRIDIZATION INTO NANO-COMPOUNDS AND NANO-ASSEMBLIES -- 1.6.1 A Brief Overview of Nano-classifications (Taxonomies) -- 1.7 A NANO-PERIODIC SYSTEM FOR DEFINING AND UNIFYING NANOSCIENCE -- 1.7.1 Bottom-Up Synthetic Strategies to Soft Nano-element Categories -- 1.8 CHEMICAL BOND FORMATION/VALENCY AND STOICHIOMETRIC BINDING RATIOS WITH DENDRIMERS TO FORM NANO-COMPOUNDS -- 1.8.1 Dendrimer-Dendrimer [S-1:(S-1)n] Core-Shell-Type Nano-compounds -- 1.8.2 A Quest for Synthetic Mimicry of Biological Quasi-equivalence with [S-1]-Type Amphiphilic Dendrons -- 1.8.3 Tobacco Mosaic Virus: Compelling Example of a Supramolecular Core-Shell-Type Nano-compound Exhibiting Well-Defined Stoichiometry: Self-Assembly of Protein Subunits [S-4] around a [S-6] -- ssRNA Core to Produce [S-6:(S-4)2130].
1.8.4 First Nano-periodic Tables for Predicting Amphiphilic Dendron Self-Assembly to Supramolecular Dendrimers Based on the Critical Nanoscale Design Parameters -- 1.9 PROPOSED LINNAEAN-TYPE TAXONOMY FOR SOFT-MATTER-TYPE NANO-ELEMENT CATEGORIES, THEIR COMPOUNDS AND ASSEMBLIES -- 1.9.1 A Proposed Dendron/Dendrimer Shorthand Nomenclature -- 1.9.2 Classification of [S-1:(S-1)n]-Type Nano-compounds Derived from Dendrimer/ Dendron [S-1]-Type Nano-element Categories -- 1.9.3 Classification of Nano-compounds (i.e., Viruses) Derived from Proteins [S-4] or Viral Capsids [S-5] and DNA/RNA [S-6]-Type Nano-element Categories -- 1.10 CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 2 ON THE ROLE OF HYDROGEN-BONDING IN THE NANOSCALE ORGANIZATION OF π-CONJUGATED MATERIALS -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 H-BONDING ALONG THE STACKING POLYMER AXIS -- 2.2.1 Influence on the nano- and mesoscopic organization -- 2.2.2 Influence on Photophysical Properties -- 2.2.3 Hole and Electron Transport -- 2.2.4 Fiber Alignment and Cross-Linking -- 2.3 H-BONDING PERPENDICULAR TO THE STACKING POLYMER AXIS -- 2.3.1 Homo-associated Monomers -- 2.3.2 Hetero-associated Monomers -- 2.4 MAIN-CHAIN H-BONDED π-FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS -- 2.4.1 Random (co)Polymers -- 2.4.2 Alternating (co)Polymers -- 2.5 CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 3 CHIRAL ORGANIC NANOMATERIALS -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANISTIC FACTORS IN THE GROWTH OF CHIRAL STRUCTURES -- 3.3 SINGLE MOLECULE CHIRAL MATERIALS -- 3.4 CHIRAL ORGANIC NANOPARTICLES -- 3.5 CHIRAL FIBERS -- 3.6 CHIRAL NANOTUBES -- 3.7 CHIRAL MONOLAYERS -- 3.8 CHIRAL FILMS -- 3.9 CHIRAL POLYMERS -- 3.10 CHIRAL NANOPOROUS SOLIDS -- 3.11 CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 4 BIOCHEMICAL NANOMATERIALS BASED ON POLY(ε-CAPROLACTONE) -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 LIVING POLYMERIZATION OF ε-CAPROLACTONE.
4.3 COPOLYMERS WITH POLY(ε-CAPROLACTONE) -- 4.3.1 Block Copolymers -- 4.3.2 Star Copolymers -- 4.3.3 Graft Copolymers -- 4.4 HETEROBIFUNCTIONAL PCL-DERIVED NANOMATERIALS -- 4.4.1 Gold Nanoparticles with an Amphiphilic block Copolymer Corona -- 4.4.2 Amphiphilic Rodcoil L-Lysine Dendrons -- 4.4.3 Miktoarm Core Cross-Linked Nanoparticles with Biologically Active Moieties on the Surface -- 4.5 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -- 5 SELF-ASSEMBLED PORPHYRIN NANOSTRUCTURES AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE -- 5.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2 Synthesis by Reprecipitation -- 5.2.4 Synthesis by Ionic Self-Assembly -- 5.3 OPTICAL, ELECTRONIC, AND PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES -- 5.3.1 UV-Visible Absorption and Emission Spectra -- 5.3.2 Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties -- 5.3.3 Photocatalysis and Self-Metallization to Form Nanocomposites -- 5.4 APPLICATIONS OF PORPHYRIN NANOSTRUCTURES AND NANOCOMPOSITES TO THE GENERATION, STORAGE, AND UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY -- 5.4.1 Solar Hydrogen Production -- 5.4.2 Hydrogen Production Using Porphyrin Nanostructures as Light-Harvesting Arrays -- 5.4.3 Hydrogen Production Using Porphyrin Nanostructures as Organic Semiconductors -- 5.4.4 Novel Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells -- 5.5 FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS -- 5.5.1 Overview -- 5.5.2 Carbon Dioxide Reduction -- 5.5.3 Photovoltaics and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells -- 5.5.4 Conclusions -- ACRONYMS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 6 NANOSTRUCTURES AND ELECTRON-TRANSFER FUNCTIONS OF NONPLANAR PORPHYRINS -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 INTERMOLECULAR PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON TRANSFER OF NONPLANAR PORPHYRINS -- 6.3 PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON TRANSFER IN SUPRAMOLECULAR COMPLEXES OF NONPLANAR PORPHYRINS -- 6.3.1 Hydrogen-Bond Complexes -- 6.3.2 Coordination Complexes of [Al(DPP)]+ versus [Al(TPP)]+.
6.3.3 Coordination Complexes of Sn(DPP)2+ -- 6.4 SUPRAMOLECULAR CONGLOMERATE COMPOSED OF SADDLE-DISTORTED ZINC(II)-PHTHALOCYANINE AND H4DPP2+ -- 6.5 NONPLANAR PORPHYRIN NANOCHANNELS -- 6.6 PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF PORPHYRIN NANOCHANNELS -- 6.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 7 TWEEZERS AND MACROCYCLES FOR THE MOLECULAR RECOGNITION OF FULLERENES -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 PORPHYRIN-BASED MOLECULAR TWEEZERS AND MACROCYCLES -- 7.3 FULLY ORGANIC MOLECULAR TWEEZERS AND MACROCYCLES -- 7.4 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES AND NOTES -- 8 COVALENT, DONOR-ACCEPTOR ENSEMBLES BASED ON PHTHALOCYANINES AND CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES -- 8.1 INTRODUCTION -- 8.2 DONOR-ACCEPTOR, COVALENTLY LINKED PHTHALOCYANINE-FULLERENE SYSTEMS -- 8.3 PHTHALOCYANINE-C60 COVALENT SYSTEMS PRESENTING LONG-RANGE ORDER -- 8.4 COVALENTLY LINKED PHTHALOCYANINE-CARBON NANOTUBE ENSEMBLES -- 8.5 PHTHALOCYANINE-GRAPHENE ENSEMBLES -- 8.6 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 9 PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON TRANSFER OF SUPRAMOLECULAR CARBON NANOTUBE MATERIALS DECORATED WITH PHOTOACTIVE SENSITIZERS -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION -- 9.2 MODULATING ELECTRON TRANSFER PATH IN DIAMETER-SORTED SWCNTS -- 9.3 COVALENTLY LINKED ARCHITECTURES -- 9.4 DOUBLE-DECKER ARCHITECTURES VIA - STACKING AND COVALENT BONDING -- 9.4.1 Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines as Photosensitizers -- 9.4.2 Fullerene as Photosensitizer -- 9.5 TRIPLE-DECKER ARCHITECTURES VIA - STACKING AND COORDINATION BOND FORMATION -- 9.6 TRIPLE-DECKER ARCHITECTURES VIA - STACKING AND ION-PAIR INTERACTIONS -- 9.7 TRIPLE-DECKER ARCHITECTURES VIA - STACKING AND CROWN ETHER INCLUSION COMPLEX FORMATION -- 9.7.1 Porphyrin/Phthalocyanine-SWCNT Triple-Decker Architectures via - Stacking and Crown Ether-Alkyl Ammonium Cation Binding -- 9.7.2 Fullerene-SWCNT Hybrids via -Stacking and Cation-Crown Binding.
9.8 DENDRIMER ARCHITECTURE -- 9.9 SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 10 INTERFACING PORPHYRINS/PHTHALOCYANINES WITH CARBON NANOTUBES -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION -- 10.2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 10.3 OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -- 11 ORGANIC SYNTHESIS OF ENDOHEDRAL FULLERENES ENCAPSULATING HELIUM, DIHYDROGEN, ANDWATER -- 11.1 INTRODUCTION -- 11.2 HOWWE STARTED THE RESEARCH-REACTIONS OF C60 WITH POLYAZA-AROMATICS -- 11.3 ENDOHEDRAL C60 ENCAPSULATING DIHYDROGEN, H2@C60 -- 11.3.1 Synthesis -- 11.3.2 Properties -- 11.3.3 Derivatives -- 11.3.4 Utilization of the Encapsulated Dihydrogen as an NMR Probe -- 11.4 ENDOHEDRAL C70 ENCAPSULATING DIHYDROGEN, H2@C70 AND (H2)2@C70 -- 11.5 ENDOHEDRAL FULLERENES ENCAPSULATING HELIUM, He@C60 AND He@C70 -- 11.6 SPIN CHEMISTRY -- 11.7 SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF H2O@C60 -- 11.8 APPLICATION OF OPEN-CAGE FULLERENES TO ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS -- 11.9 OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -- 12 FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF ENDOHEDRAL METALLOFULLERENES AS PROMISING CARBON NANOMATERIALS -- 12.1 INTRODUCTION -- 12.2 SYNTHESIS, SEPARATION, AND PURIFICATION OF EMFS -- 12.3 STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF EMFS -- 12.4 ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES -- 12.5 CHEMICAL REACTIVITY -- 12.6 CONTROL OF DYNAMIC MOTION OF METAL ATOMS IN FULLERENE CAGES -- 12.7 ELECTRONIC MODULATION OF EMFS BY EXOHEDRAL CHEMICAL FUNCTIONALIZATION -- 12.8 MISSING EMFS -- 12.9 METAL CARBIDE EMFS: STRUCTURES AND CHEMISTRY -- 12.10 SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOPHYSICS OF EMF-BASED DYADS -- 12.11 EMFS AS ACTIVE COMPONENTS IN ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS -- 12.12 CARRIER TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF EMFS -- 12.13 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 13 AN UPDATE ON ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF CARBON MATERIALS -- 13.1 INTRODUCTION -- 13.2 PRISTINE FULLERENES -- 13.2.1 Electronic Properties and Electrochemistry of Pristine Fullerenes -- 13.3 ENDOHEDRAL FULLERENES.
13.3.1 Electronic Properties and Electrochemistry of Endohedral Fullerenes.
Abstract:
Discover a new generation of organic nanomaterials and their applications Recent developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology have given rise to a new generation of functional organic nanomaterials with controlled morphology and well-defined properties, which enable a broad range of useful applications. This book explores some of the most important of these organic nanomaterials, describing how they are synthesized and characterized. Moreover, the book explains how researchers have incorporated organic nanomaterials into devices for real-world applications. Featuring contributions from an international team of leading nanoscientists, Organic Nanomaterials is divided into five parts: Part One introduces the fundamentals of nanomaterials and self-assembled nanostructures Part Two examines carbon nanostructures-from fullerenes to carbon nanotubes to graphene-reporting on properties, theoretical studies, and applications Part Three investigates key aspects of some inorganic materials, self-assembled monolayers, organic field effect transistors, and molecular self-assembly at solid surfaces Part Four explores topics that involve both biological aspects and nanomaterials such as biofunctionalized surfaces Part Five offers detailed examples of how organic nanomaterials enhance sensors and molecular photovoltaics Most of the chapters end with a summary highlighting the key points. References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the growing body of original research reports and reviews in the field. Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of organic nanomaterials, this book is recommended for researchers in chemistry, physics, materials science, polymer science, and chemical and materials engineering. All readers will learn the principles of synthesizing and characterizing new organic nanomaterials in order to support a broad range of
exciting new applications.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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