Contents -- Foreword by Nigel Dorman, NHS Estates -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I: Fundamentals of Whole Life-cycle Costing -- 1 Towards an Understanding of Whole Life-cycle Costing -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Whole life-cycle costing: a brief history -- 1.3 Defining whole life-cycle costing -- 1.4 Risk and uncertainty in WLCC -- 1.5 Subjectivity in WLCC -- 1.6 Summary -- References -- 2 Whole Life-cycle Costing Risk Management -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Why has the construction industry failed to embrace WLCC? -- 2.3 Why risk assessment in whole life costing? -- 2.4 Data requirements in whole life-cycle costing and risk assessment -- 2.5 Specifying a comprehensive set of objectives and measures for each WLCC component -- 2.6 A framework for whole life costing risk management -- 2.7 Summary -- References -- 3 Key Decisions in the Whole Life-cycle Costing Process -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Justification for investment and extraction of client requirements -- 3.3 Key decisions at the conceptual development stage -- 3.4 Key decisions at the detailed design stage -- 3.5 Key decisions at the production stage -- 3.6 Decisions at the operational stage -- 3.7 Decisions at the end of economic life stage -- 3.8 Summary -- References -- 4 Fundamentals of Whole Life-cycle Cost Analysis -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Concepts of the time value of money -- 4.3 WLCC calculation models -- 4.4 Measuring economic performance in whole life-cycle costing -- 4.5 WLCC forecasting methods -- 4.6 Benchmarking and key performance indicators -- 4.7 WLCC key performance indicators -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- 5 Whole Life Risk Analysis Techniques -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Risk analysis -- 5.3 Qualitative risk analysis -- 5.4 Risk matrices -- 5.5 Risk registers -- 5.6 Event trees -- 5.7 Influence diagrams -- 5.8 SWOT analysis -- 5.9 Brainstorming sessions.

5.10 Quantitative risk analysis -- 5.11 Probabilistic approaches to risk -- 5.12 Simulation -- 5.13 Sensitivity analysis -- 5.14 Markov theory -- 5.15 Deterministic measures of risk -- 5.16 Mathematical and analytical techniques -- 5.17 Artificial intelligence and fuzzy set theory -- 5.18 Summary -- References -- Part II: Whole Life-cycle Costing: The Design Stage -- 6 Design Service Life Planning -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Estimation of service life for new structures -- 6.3 Estimation of the remaining service life for existing structures -- 6.4 Summary -- References -- 7 Design Environmental Life-cycle Assessment -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Life-cycle assessment -- 7.3 Life-cycle assessment for design optimisation -- 7.4 LCA tools -- 7.5 Environmental life-cycle cost -- 7.6 Case study -- 7.7 Summary -- Reference -- 8 Whole Life-cycle Cost Planning at the Design Stage -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Design whole life-cycle cost planning -- 8.3 An integrated framework for WLC budget estimation -- 8.4 Benchmarking WLC budgets -- 8.5 Whole life cost planning -- 8.6 Summary -- References -- 9 Whole Life Risk and Risk Responses at Design Stage -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Design whole life risk -- 9.3 WLC risk identification and risk response measures at design/precontract stages -- 9.4 WLCC risk categorisation -- 9.5 Design WLCC risk quantification -- 9.6 Design risk response measures -- 9.7 Summary -- References -- 10 Whole Life-cycle Costing of Mechanical and Electrical Services: a Case Study -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Modelling the whole life cost of air-conditioning systems -- 10.3 Data and methodology -- 10.4 Results and discussion -- 10.5 Summary -- References -- Part III: Whole Life-cycle Costing: Construction and Occupancy Stages -- 11 Whole Life Risk and Risk Responses at Construction Stage -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 WLCC at the construction stage.

11.3 WLCC risk during the construction stage -- 11.4 Typology of WLCC risk at the construction stage -- 11.5 Tools for allocating WLCC construction risk -- 11.6 Significance of WLCC risk at the construction stage -- 11.7 Monitoring WLCC risk throughout the construction programme -- 11.8 Construction WLCC risk responses -- 11.9 Summary -- References -- 12 Whole Life Risk and Risk Responses at Operational Stage -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 WLCC risks at operation stage -- 12.3 Identifying the WLCC operational risks -- 12.4 The maintenance cost centre -- 12.5 The energy cost centre -- 12.6 The facilities management cost centre -- 12.7 Identifying the operational stage WLCC drivers -- 12.8 Operational stage WLCC: risks and risk responses -- 12.9 Summary -- References -- 13 Whole Life-cycle Costing during Operational Stage -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Operational stage WLCC models -- 13.3 The importance of operational costs in WLCC -- 13.4 Conceptualising the WLCC model -- 13.5 Existing WLCC models -- 13.6 Recording WLCC data during occupancy stage -- 13.7 Forecasting energy WLCC: a case study -- 13.8 New WLCC models for operational stage WLCC analysis -- 13.9 WLCC for an existing building: a case study of facilities management cost modelling -- 13.10 Summary -- References -- 14 Whole Life Costing of Building Assets Occupancy: a Case Study -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Sources of occupancy costs -- 14.3 Set-up costs -- 14.4 Non-controllable occupancy costs -- 14.5 Controllable occupancy costs -- 14.6 Disruption costs -- 14.7 Data and methodology -- 14.8 Results and analysis -- 14.9 Summary -- References -- Index.