Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- The Authors -- Chapter 1 Background: Evolving Priorities and Expectations of the Community College -- Institutional Definitions -- Development of Community Colleges -- Rationalizing the New Form -- Historical Development of the New Form -- Expansion of Two-Year Colleges -- The Two-Way Stretch -- Curricular Functions -- Academic Transfer -- Occupational Education -- Continuing Education -- Developmental Education -- Community Service -- Intertwined Functions -- Place in the Academic Pipeline -- Colleges in Other Countries -- Changing Emphases -- Current Issues -- Chapter 2 Students: Diverse Backgrounds and Purposes -- Reasons for the Increase in Numbers -- Students' Lives -- Student Ability and Academic Preparedness -- Gender -- Racial and Ethnic Diversity -- Classifying Students and Their Intentions -- Assessment and Tracking -- Enrollment Patterns and Dropout -- Swirling Students -- Dropouts -- Issues -- Chapter 3 Faculty: Building a Professional Identity -- The Workplace -- The People -- Preparation -- Preservice Training -- In-Service Training -- Workload, Salary, and Tenure -- Part-Time Faculty -- Evaluation -- Satisfaction -- Desires -- Professionalism -- Issues -- Chapter 4 Organization, Governance, and Administration: Managing the Contemporary College -- Categorizing Governance -- Governing and Coordinating Units -- The Local District -- The State -- Federal Role -- Accreditation -- Nontraditional Organizations -- Local Governing Boards -- Administration -- The President -- Administrative Structure -- Departmental Structure -- Leadership -- Leadership Training -- Collective Bargaining -- Issues -- Chapter 5 Finances: Generating, Sustaining, and Allocating Resources -- Sources of Funds -- Allocation Patterns -- Performance-Based Funding -- Tuition and Student Aid.

Problems in Funding -- Solving the Problems -- Revenue Generation and Diversification -- Justifying the Costs -- Issues -- Chapter 6 Instruction: Methods, Media, and Effects -- The Technology and Discipline of Instruction -- Television -- Computers -- Writing Across the Curriculum -- Supplemental Instruction -- Mastery Learning -- Competency-Based Instruction -- Learning Communities -- Learning Colleges -- Learning Resource Centers -- Distance Learning and Online Instruction -- The Power of Inertia -- Assessing Instructional Effects -- Issues -- Chapter 7 Student Services: Supporting Educational Objectives -- Student Engagement -- Scope and Organization of Student Affairs -- Recruitment, Orientation, and Retention -- Counseling and Advising -- Group-Specific Services -- Student Activities -- Financial Aid -- Funding and Effectiveness -- Issues -- Chapter 8 Developmental Education: Enhancing Literacy and Basic Skills -- Decline in Literacy -- School Requirements -- College Admissions -- The Magnitude of Remediation -- Developmental Teaching -- Assessment and Placement -- Integrated Programs -- Program Effects -- Legitimacy -- The Dilemma of Tracking -- Definitions of Functional Literacy -- Imprecise Criteria -- Reconciling the Dilemma -- Issues -- Chapter 9 Liberal Arts and Transfer Education: Preparation for the University -- Liberal Arts -- Transfer Courses -- Curricular Variety -- Faculty and Academic Disciplines -- Dual Enrollment and Alignment with High School Exit Standards -- Articulation and the Transfer Function -- Future of the Liberal Arts -- Issues -- Chapter 10 Integrative Education: Modifying General Education -- Critical Thinking -- Service Learning -- Civic Engagement -- Sustainable Development -- Renewing an Emphasis on Integrative Education -- Issues.

Chapter 11 Occupational Education: Growth and Change in Workforce Preparation -- Early Development -- Definitions -- Limitations on Expansion -- Growth -- Stability -- Contract Training -- The Broader Implications -- Merging Academic and Occupational Studies -- Issues -- Chapter 12 Community Education: Extending College Services and Training -- Rationale -- Categories -- Enrollments -- Scope -- Lifelong Learning -- Adult Basic Education -- Entrepreneurship Training -- Community-Based Education -- Correctional Education -- Effectiveness -- Organization and Funding -- Program Validity -- Future Development -- Issues -- Chapter 13 Scholarship and Commentary: Perspectives of the Community College -- Sources of Research -- Institutional Research Offices -- Forms of Research -- Historical and Sociological Studies -- Large-Scale Efforts -- Limitations of the Research -- Critiques of the Colleges -- Criticizing the Social Role -- Criticizing the School -- Responding to the Critics -- The Mythology of Schooling -- What the Colleges Really Provide -- What Are the Alternatives to Community Colleges? -- Issues -- Chapter 14 Student Progress and Outcomes: A New Age of Accountability -- Measures of Student Progress -- Transfer Rates -- Success after Transfer -- Degree and Certificate Completion -- Goal Attainment -- Occupational Outcomes -- Benefits to the Individual -- Benefits to the Public -- Accountability -- National Efforts -- Problems in Assessment -- Issues -- Chapter 15 Toward the Future: Trends, Challenges, and Obligations -- The Institutions -- Vertical Expansion -- The Students -- The Faculty -- Organization, Governance, and Administration -- Finance -- Instruction and Student Services -- Curriculum -- Developmental Education -- Integrative Education -- Liberal Arts and Transfer Education -- Occupational Education -- Community Education.

Research, Accountability, and Outcomes -- The Social Role -- Appendix: For-Profit Institutions -- New Forms -- Students -- Staff -- Curriculum, Instruction, and Student Services -- Organization and Governance -- Finance -- Outcomes -- Future -- References -- Name Index -- Subject Index -- Advertisement.