Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Approaching Cyber Islamic Environments -- Defining Cyber Islamic Environments -- Analysing Cyber Islamic Environments -- Researching Cyber Islamic Environments -- Book Structure -- Transliteration -- 2 The Digital Sword ? and Defining E- Jihad -- The Symbolism of Jihad -- The Greater and Lesser E- Jihad -- 3 Hacktivism, Hacking and Cracking in the Name of Islam -- Hacking for Islam -- The New Exegesis: Encryption and the Use of E- mail -- 4 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: Mujahideen in Cyberspace -- 5 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: The Inter- fada and Global E- jihad -- 6 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: Jihad for Peace -- E- Jihad: Concluding Comments -- 7 Islamic Decision- Making and Advice Online -- 8 Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet I: Muslim Majority Contexts -- Analysis of Sunni Websites Majority Contexts -- Islam Q& A -- Fatwa- Online -- Islam- Online -- Other Influences in Sunni Majority Cyberspace -- South East Asia -- Bosnia -- 9 Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet II: Muslim Minority -- Analysis of Sunni Websites Minority Contexts -- Ask- Imam. com -- Troid. org -- Pakistan Link 174The Fiqh Council of North America -- As- Sunna Foundation of America -- Conclusion: Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet -- 10 The Online Mujtahid : Islamic Diversity and Authority Online 184Locating Shi a Religious Authority on the Internet 184Concluding Comment: Shi ism -- Locating Sufi Religious Authority on the Internet -- Other Perspectives -- Islamic Religious Authority Online: Conclusion -- 11 Islam in the Digital Age -- Bibliography -- Glossary of Islamic Terminology -- Index -- .il domain -- 54 -- m0sad, 49 -- Hebrew, 49 -- Israeli Defence Force, 12 -- Israeli Defence Force, 44 -- Israeli Defence Force, 46 -- software industry, 56 -- Abdulhussein, Shaikh Mustafa.

see also hacking Afghanista -- 26 -- 38 -- 55 -- 60 -- 67 -- 71-2 -- 80 -- 114 -- 121 -- 161 -- 191 -- Abdulhussein, Shaikh Mustafa, -- see also Dawoodi Bohra Abu S -- 195-6 -- Ahl ul Bayt Global Information Center 189-90 -- Ahl us Sunnah wa'l Jamaah -- 78 -- 141 -- 146 -- 191 -- Ahlul Bayt ‚Aalim Network 185-6 -- Ahmad, Mirza Ghulam 200 -- Ahmadiyya -- 89 -- 146 -- 182 -- 200 -- Al-Ashaikh, Abdul Aziz 114 -- al-Azhar -- 33 -- 117 -- 135 -- 147 -- al-Bawaba 18 -- al-Durra, Muhammad -- 12 -- 43-4 -- 91 -- 98 -- al-Fagih, Saad 121 -- al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid -- 163 -- 199 -- al-Jazeera -- 18 -- 95 -- 105 -- 210 -- al-Khoei, Ayatullah Seyyid Abulqasim Musawi -- see also Shi™a Imam Khoei I -- 191 -- 192 -- al-Madina -- 77 -- 162 -- al-Masri, Faris Muhammad 47 -- al-Masseri, Muhammad 79 -- al-Muhajiroun -- 78 -- 79 -- 83 -- al-Najmee, Ahmad bin Yahyaa 159 -- al-Neda -- see also bin Laden -- al-Qaeda Neda al-Quds -- see also bin Laden -- Palestine -- al-Qaeda -- Netakeoff -- 8 -- 18 -- 93-7 -- 97-8 -- al-Oadah, Shaykh Salman 96 -- al-Sheik, Sheikh Abdulaziz 33 -- al-Sirri, Yasser Tawfiq, see Islamic Observation Committee Sipah-e-Sahaba 76 -- al-Turabi, Hassan 114 -- al-Zawahiri, Ayman -- see also al-Qaeda Zaydan -- Abdul-Kareem -- 67 -- 81 -- 114 -- Alawani, Taha 177 -- Alawi 201 -- Albania 9 -- Alevi.com -- 201 -- Alevilik-Bektasilik Arastirmalari Sitesi, 20 -- Alforatein -- see also hacking Alexa -- see Internet Archive Wayback -- 9 -- 44 -- 105 -- 112 -- Allaahuakbar.net 142 -- Alldas.de -- see also hacking Almarh.com -- 18 -- 40 -- 41 -- 42 -- 71 -- AlMinbar.com 99 -- Alterman, Jon 14 -- American Israel Public Affairs Committee [AIPAC] -- see also hacking Anderson -- Jon -- 14 -- 50-2 -- Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia [ABIM] 161 -- Anonymiser 57 -- Anti-Defamation League 18 -- Arab Information Project, Georgetown 14 -- Arab News 136.

Arab world -- 16 -- diaspora, 14 -- Arabic -- 7 -- 13 -- 195 -- 207 -- tuition, 14 -- archiving -- 17-18 -- 24 -- Ask the Imam 136 -- Ask-Imam -- 136 -- 148 -- 160 -- 167-73 -- 181 -- Attrition.org -- see also hacking Ayoub -- Ali -- 18 -- 49 -- Azadari.com 196 -- Azzam -- azzam.com -- 18 -- 67 -- 73 -- 109 -- 113 -- Shaykh Azzam, 67 -- Shaykh Azzam, 70 -- Shaykh Azzam, 75 -- Shaykh Azzam, 83 -- Shaykh Azzam, 87 -- Shaykh Azzam, 107 -- al-Qaeda Baba, Nawod Gudri Shah, see also Sufism Bangladesh -- al-Qaeda Baba, Nawod Gudri Shah, 7 -- al-Qaeda Baba, Nawod Gudri Shah, 9 -- al-Qaeda Baba, Nawod Gudri Shah, 200 -- bara™at 193-4 -- Barelwi -- see also Deobandi Basha -- Adnan Khalil -- 146 -- 168 -- 207 -- Bayoumi, Abdul-Moti 33 -- bin Laden -- Osama, 18 -- Osama, 36 -- Osama, 57 -- Osama, 60 -- Osama, 67 -- Osama, 73 -- Osama, 75 -- Osama, 79 -- Osama, 80 -- Osama, 81 -- Osama, 83 -- Osama, 85 -- Osama, 86 -- Osama, 105 -- Osama, 108 -- Osama, 114 -- see also Afghanistan, al-Qaeda, Taliban Bin Laden Worm, see also hacking Lane -- see also Afghanistan, al-Qaeda, Taliban Bin Laden Worm, Edward W. -- see also Afghanistan, al-Qaeda, Taliban Bin Laden Worm, 3- -- see also Afghanistan, al-Qaeda, Taliban Bin Laden Worm, 53 -- Birmingham, University of 15 -- Blank, Jonah 15 -- Bosnia -- 9 -- 40 -- 162-3 -- Brain -- see also hacking Brouwer -- Lenie -- 15 -- 39-40 -- Brown, Ian 59-60 -- Brückner, Matthais 15 -- Bunt, Gary R. Virtually Islamic -- 16 -- 20 -- Bush, George W. -- 67 -- 68 -- 113 -- 120 -- Canadian Office of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Services -- see also hacking Carnivore -- see DCS1000 -- 60 -- Castells, Manuel 15 -- censorship -- 11 -- 12 -- 14 -- 122 -- 209 -- Centre for Islamic Studies and Research -- see also hacking Chechnya -- 26 -- 40 -- 60 -- 61 -- 67.

68-70 -- 78 -- 94 -- 103 -- 113 -- 138 -- 161 -- 168 -- Chishti -- 78 -- 200 -- Naqshabandi, 23 -- Naqshabandi, 78 -- Naqshabandi, 178 -- Naqshabandi, 199 -- Qadriyya, 78 -- Qadriyya, 200 -- Suhrawardiyya, 78 -- suicide bombings, see also martyrdom as-Sunna -- suicide bombings, 19 -- suicide bombings, 169 -- suicide bombings, 178-9 -- Muridiyya, 200 -- Chishti, see Sufism Chomsky, Noam 163 -- Clearguidance.net 69 -- CNN 55 -- computer hardware -- 8 -- 12 -- Council of the Shi'a Ulama of North America 192 -- Council on American-Islamic Relations [CAIR] 33 -- counselling 148-52 -- cracking -- method-ological approach, 13-14 -- method-ological approach, 16-19 -- Dar-ul-Uloom -- see also Shi™a DCS1000 -- see also Internet Denning -- Dorothy E. -- 1 -- 15 -- 57 -- 193 -- definition -- 25-34 -- fatwas about, 169-7 -- denial of service attacks -- 38 -- 38 -- 39 -- 47 -- EvilPing, 47 -- QuickFire, 47 -- script kiddies, 38 -- Deobandi -- see also Barelwi Desai -- Mufti Ebrahim -- see Ask-Imam Dharb-i-Mumin -- 75-7 -- 76 -- 78 -- 105 -- Dieye -- Dispatchers, see also hacking Doctor Nuke -- Dispatchers, see also hacking Druze -- Dispatchers, see also Shi™a Amer -- Dispatchers, 32 -- Dispatchers, 50-3 -- Dispatchers, 60 -- Dispatchers, 63 -- Dispatchers, 197 -- Shayke Abdoulaye, see also Sufism digital div -- Shayke Abdoulaye, 200 -- Shayke Abdoulaye, 205-6 -- Shayke Abdoulaye, 207 -- Dubai 136 -- e-jihad -- see also hacking E-jihad.net -- 19 -- 26-7 -- 33-4 -- 67 -- 107 -- 122 -- 186 -- 209 -- e-mail 55 -- Egypt -- 9 -- 54 -- 81 -- Egyptian Islamic Jihad 81-2 -- Eickelman, Dale 14 -- el-Nawawy, Mohamed A. 9-10 -- Farsi 198 -- Faruki, Kemal 133 -- Fateha.com 84-6 -- Fatwa-Online -- 136 -- 142-7 -- fatwas -- 3 -- 15 -- 19 -- 67 -- 99-102 -- 114 -- 124-32 -- 206.

filtering, see Internet Fiqh Council of North America -- 174 -- 176-8 -- Fisk, Robert 163 -- Front Islamique du Salut [FIS] 112 -- Gebal 44 -- GFORCE -- see also hacking Gonzalez-Q -- Yves -- 15 -- 40 -- 43 -- 52-4 -- Goodman, Seymour E. 15 -- Google -- 2 -- 17 -- Gulpaaigani, Ayatullah Ali Saafi -- see also Shi™a Hackerthreads -- see also hacking hacking -- 11 -- 16 -- 26 -- 37-61 -- 38 -- 191 -- Hamas -- see alsoPalestine Hamza al- -- Abu -- see Supporters of Shariah H -- Sheikh Muhammad -- see Fiqh Council of North Am -- see also Kashmir al-Haqqani -- Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi -- s -- 23 -- 49 -- 56 -- 61 -- 76 -- 91 -- 93 -- 199 -- Hezb-e-Mughalstan 105 -- Hizbullah -- 43 -- 48-9 -- 186 -- homosexuality -- 150 -- 179 -- 185 -- Human Rights Watch 12 -- HushMail, 44 -- Ibn Battuta 3 -- Ibn Baz, ‚Abd al'zeez ibn ‚Abd-Allah -- 139 -- 143 -- 173 -- Ibn Taymiyya -- 104 -- 146 -- 177 -- Ibn ‚Uthaymeen, Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Saalih 145-6 -- Ibrahim, Anwar -- see also Malaysia identity -- see Internet ijtihad -- 124 -- 125 -- 128-31 -- 135 -- 161 -- 172 -- 177 -- 178 -- 188-9 -- 199 -- 202 -- Ilyas, Mohammed 77 -- Imam Khoei Islamic Centre, Swansea 192 -- India -- 43 -- 80 -- 103-4 -- 105 -- 171 -- InfoCom 61 -- inter-fada -- see also e-jihad -- 19 -- 26 -- 91-103 -- chat-rooms, 45 -- chat-rooms, 102 -- chat-rooms, 105 -- chat-rooms, 155 -- chat-rooms, 156-7 -- cyber-geography, 208 -- Palestine Intifada Online, see also Palestine Intifada -- Palestine Intifada Online, see also Palestine Internet -- Palestine Intifada Online, 17-18 -- Palestine Intifada Online, 22 -- Palestine Intifada Online, 43 -- Palestine Intifada Online, 208 -- Internet Haganah [Haganah b'Internet] -- see also hacking -- 24 -- 93 -- liability, 12 -- Israel Internet Service Providers [ISPs], 105 -- Iran -- 9 -- 47 -- 78 -- 184-5 -- 198 -- 201.

Iran-Iraq war 35.