Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Part I: An Introduction to the Debate over the Unitary Executive -- The Oldest Debate in Constitutional Law and Why It Still Matters Today -- The Modern Debate -- Why Presidential Views of the Scope of Presidential Power Matter -- The Preratification Origins of the Unitary Executive Debate and the Decision of 1789 -- Part II: The Unitary Executive During the Early Years of the Republic, 1787-1837 -- 1 George Washington -- 2 John Adams -- 3 Thomas Jefferson -- 4 James Madison -- 5 James Monroe -- 6 John Quincy Adams -- 7 Andrew Jackson -- Case Study 1. Jackson's Battle with the Bank and the Removal of Treasury Secretary Duane -- Part III: The Unitary Executive During the Jacksonian Period, 1837-1861 -- 8 Martin Van Buren -- 9 William Henry Harrison -- 10 John Tyler -- 11 James K. Polk -- 12 Zachary Taylor -- 13 Millard Fillmore -- 14 Franklin Pierce -- 15 James Buchanan -- Part IV: The Unitary Executive During the Civil War, 1861-1869 -- 16 Abraham Lincoln -- 17 Andrew Johnson -- Case Study 2. The Tenure of Office Act and the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson -- Part V: The Unitary Executive During the Gilded Age, 1869-1889 -- 18 Ulysses S. Grant -- 19 Rutherford B. Hayes -- 20 James A. Garfield -- 21 Chester A. Arthur -- 22 Grover Cleveland's First Term -- Part VI: The Unitary Executive During the Rise of the Administrative State, 1889-1945 -- 23 Benjamin Harrison -- 24 Grover Cleveland's Second Term -- 25 William McKinley -- 26 Theodore Roosevelt -- 27 William H. Taft -- 28 Woodrow Wilson -- 29 Warren G. Harding -- 30 Calvin Coolidge -- 31 Herbert Hoover -- 32 Franklin Delano Roosevelt -- Case Study 3. The Brownlow Committee and the Reorganization Act of 1939 -- Part VII: The Unitary Executive During the Modern Era, 1945-2007 -- 33 Harry S Truman -- 34 Dwight D. Eisenhower -- 35 John F. Kennedy -- 36 Lyndon B. Johnson.

37 Richard M. Nixon -- 38 Gerald R. Ford -- 39 Jimmy Carter -- 40 Ronald Reagan -- 41 George H. W. Bush -- 42 Bill Clinton -- Case Study 4. The Clinton Impeachment and the Fall of the Ethics in Government Act -- 43 George W. Bush -- Part VIII: Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliographic Note -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.