Solar Output Variability -- Assessing Solar Variability -- Solar Variability of Possible Relevance for Planetary Climates -- Measurement of Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance -- Solar Irradiance Variability Since 1978 -- Solar Variability Over the Past Several Millennia -- Solar and Heliospheric Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays -- What Do Cosmogenic Isotopes Tell Us about Past Solar Forcing of Climate? -- Tropospheric Aerosols, Radiation Budget, and Changes -- Observed Long-Term Variations of Solar Irradiance at the Earth’s Surface -- Aerosol Effects on Clouds and Climate -- Satellite Observations of Natural and Anthropogenic Aerosol Effects on Clouds and Climate -- Aerosol-Cloud Interactions Control of Earth Radiation and Latent Heat Release Budgets -- Atmospheric Ion-Induced Aerosol Nucleation -- Atmospheric Aerosol and Cloud Condensation Nuclei Formation: A Possible Influence of Cosmic Rays? -- Climate Change: Detection and Attribution -- On the Response of the Climate System to Solar Forcing -- Detection and Attribution of Climate Change, and Understanding Solar Influence on Climate -- The Climate Response to the Astronomical Forcing -- Regional Response of the Climate System to Solar Forcing: The Role of the Ocean -- Middle Atmospheric Response to Solar Variability -- Discussion of the Solar UV/Planetary Wave Mechanism -- Solar Variation and Stratospheric Response -- Signature of the 11-Year Cycle in the Upper Atmosphere -- The Middle Atmospheric Ozone Response to the 11-Year Solar Cycle -- Influence of the Solar Cycle on the General Circulation of the Stratosphere and Upper Troposphere -- Multidecadal Signal of Solar Variability in the Upper Troposphere During The 20th Century -- The Role of Dynamics in Solar Forcing -- Solar Influences on Dynamical Coupling Between the Stratosphere and Troposphere -- The Response of the Middle Atmosphere to Solar Cycle Forcing in the Hamburg Model of the Neutral and Ionized Atmosphere -- A Possible Transfer Mechanism for the 11-Year Solar Cycle to the Lower Stratosphere -- Recent Space Data -- Recent Space Data -- Satellite Measurements of Middle Atmospheric Impacts by Solar Proton Events in Solar Cycle 23 -- Impact of Solar Activity on Stratospheric Ozone and No2 Observed by GOMOS/ENVISAT -- The Stratospheric and Mesospheric NOy in the 2002–2004 Polar Winters as Measured by MIPAS/ENVISAT -- Early Data from Aura and Continuity from UARS and Toms -- Planetary Science -- What Do We Know about the Climate of Terrestrial Planets? -- Solar Variability and Climate Impact on Terrestrial Planets -- Climate Variability on Venus and Titan -- The Orbital Forcing of Climate Changes on Mars.