Insects and Wildlife -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Section 1: Introduction to the Arthropods -- Chapter 1: Insects and Their Relatives -- NAMING OF TAXA -- ARTHOPODA -- ARACHNIDA -- CRUSTACEA -- DIPLOPODA -- CHILOPODA -- ENTOGNATHA -- INSECTA -- CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS -- CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAJOR GROUPS OF INSECTS -- EVOLUTION OF INSECTS -- INSECT BIOGEOGRAPHY -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 2: Structure and Function of Insects -- INTEGUMENT -- MOLTING -- BODY REGIONS -- THE HEAD -- THE THORAX -- THE ABDOMEN -- INTERNAL ANATOMY -- MUSCULAR SYSTEM -- FAT BODY -- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM -- CIRCULATORY SYSTEM -- VENTILATORY SYSTEM -- NERVOUS SYSTEM -- VISION -- GLANDULAR SYSTEMS -- POLYPHENISM OR POLYMORPHISM -- COMMUNICATION -- SOCIALITY -- Ants -- Social Bees and Wasps -- Termites -- METAMORPHOSIS -- REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM -- EGGS OF INSECTS -- EXCRETORY SYSTEM -- THERMAL BIOLOGY -- FEEDING ECOLOGY -- Scavenging -- Feeding Belowground -- Feeding in Aquatic Habitats -- Feeding on Living Plants -- Feeding on Blood -- Predation and Parasitism -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Section 2: Food Relationships -- Chapter 3: Food Resources for Wildlife -- ASSESSMENT OF INSECTIVORY -- Methods for Determining the Abundance of Insects -- Methods for Determining Wildlife Diets -- NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF INSECTS -- IMPORTANCE OF INSECTS IN THE DIETS OF WILDLIFE -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 4: Wildlife Diets -- ANALYSIS OF AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE DIETSREPTILE DIETS -- ANALYSIS OF MAMMAL DIETS -- ANALYSIS OF BIRD DIETS -- ANALYSIS OF FISH DIETS -- THE BENEFITS OF INSECTS FOR WILDLIFE SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION -- HOW INSECTS AVOID BECOMING FOOD FOR WILDLIFE -- Crypsis -- Aposematism -- Mimicry -- Flight and Startle Behavior -- Physical and Chemical Defenses -- Group Actions.

Nocturnal Activity -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 5: Insects Important as Food for Wildlife -- AQUATIC INSECTS -- Mayflies (Order Ephemeroptera) -- Stoneflies (Order Plecoptera) -- Dragonflies and Damselflies (Order Odonata) -- Bugs (Order Hemiptera) -- Alderflies, Dobsonflies, and Fishflies (Order Megaloptera) -- Beetles (Order Coleoptera) -- Flies (Order Diptera) -- Caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) -- TERRESTRIAL INSECTS -- Termites (Order Isoptera) -- Cockroaches (Order Blattodea) -- Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets (Order Orthoptera) -- Earwigs (Order Dermaptera) -- Barklice or Psocids (Order Psocoptera) -- Bugs (Order Hemiptera) -- Lacewings, Antlions and Mantidflies (Order Neuroptera) -- Beetles (Order Coleoptera) -- Moths and Butterflies (Order Lepidoptera) -- Flies (Order Diptera) -- Wasps, Ants, Bees, and Sawflies (Order Hymenoptera) -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READINGS -- Chapter 6: Insects and Ecosystems -- INSECTS AND DECOMPOSITION -- Decomposition of Plant Remains -- Decomposition of Excrement (Dung) -- Decomposition of Carrion -- NUTRIENT CYCLING -- HERBIVORY BY INSECTS -- The Importance of Herbivory -- Plant Compensation -- Insect Outbreaks -- PLANT DISEASES AND INSECTS -- POLLINATION AND SEED DISPERSAL BY INSECTS -- INVASIVENESS OF INSECTS -- Pathways of Invasion -- Ecological and Taxonomic Patterns of Invasion -- Establishment and Spread -- Latency Among Invaders -- Why Invasive Species become so Abundant -- Impacts of Invaders -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Section 3: Arthropods As Disease Vectors and Pests -- Chapter 7: Transmission of Disease Agents to Wildlife by Arthropods -- ARTHROPOD FEEDING BEHAVIOR -- DISEASE IN WILDLIFE -- VIRULENCE -- DISEASE HOSTS -- DISEASE TRANSMISSION -- CAUSES OF DISEASE -- THE NATURE OF PARASITISM.

PARASITE-INDUCED CHANGES IN HOST BEHAVIOR -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 8: Infectious Disease Agents Transmitted to Wildlife by Arthropods -- VIRUSES -- Myxomatosis -- Avian Pox -- West Nile Virus -- Yellow Fever -- St. Louis Encephalitis -- Hemorrhagic Disease -- BACTERIA -- Tularemia -- Anaplasmosis -- Lyme Disease -- Plague -- Avian Botulism -- FUNGI -- Aflatoxin Poisoning -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 9: Parasitic Disease Agents Transmitted to Wildlife by Arthropods -- PROTOZOA -- American Trypanosomiasis -- African Trypanosomiasis -- Avian Malaria -- Toxoplasmosis -- HELMINTHS -- Spirocercosis -- Dirofilariasis -- Elaeophorosis -- Lancet Fluke -- Dog Tapeworm -- Giant Thorny-headed Worm -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 10: Arthropods as Parasites of Wildlife -- MITES AND TICKS (ARACHNIDA: ACARI OR ACARINA: SEVERAL ORDERS) -- Mites -- Mange Mites -- Respiratory Mites -- Ear Mites -- Bird Mites -- Sarcoptic Mange Mite -- Ticks -- Taiga Tick -- Wood Tick -- Blacklegged Tick -- INSECTS (INSECTA) -- Lice (Phthiraptera) -- Bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Cimicidae, and Polyctenidae) -- Assassin Bugs, Subfamily Triatominae - Kissing or Blood-Sucking Conenose Bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) -- Bed Bugs, Swallow Bugs, and Bat Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae and Polyctenidae) -- Flies (Diptera: Several Families) -- Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) -- Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) -- Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) -- Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) -- Horse Flies and Deer Flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) -- Tsetse Flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) -- Muscid Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) -- Stable Fly -- House Fly -- Blow Flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) -- New World Screwworm Fly -- Flesh Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).

Bot and Warble Flies (Diptera: Oestridae) -- Louse Flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) -- Fleas (Siphonaptera) -- Other Taxa of Occasional Importance -- Eye Gnats (Diptera: Chloropidae) -- Snipe Flies (Diptera: Rhagionidae) -- Bees and Wasps (Hymenoptera: Various Families) -- Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) -- Dermestids (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Section 4: Pest Management and Its Effects on Wildlife -- Chapter 11: Pesticides and Their Effects on Wildlife -- PESTICIDES -- INSECTICIDE MODE OF ACTION -- PERSISTENCE OF INSECTICIDES -- ACUTE EFFECTS OF INSECTICIDES -- SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF INSECTICIDES -- OTHER PESTICIDES -- INDIRECT EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON WILDLIFE -- INSECTICIDES IN THE FOOD CHAIN -- RISKS OF INSECTICIDES -- RESISTANCE TO INSECTICIDES -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 12: Alternatives to Insecticides -- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OR CULTURAL CONTROL -- PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CONTROL -- HOST RESISTANCE -- SEMIOCHEMICALS -- BIOLOGICAL CONTROL -- AREA-WIDE INSECT MANAGEMENT -- INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) -- PREVENTING VERSUS CORRECTING PROBLEMS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Section 5: Conservation Issues -- Chapter 13: Insect-Wildlife Relationships -- HOW WILDLIFE AFFECT INSECT SURVIVAL -- Naturally Occurring Predation by Wildlife on Insects -- Western Pine Beetle and Woodpeckers -- Spruce Budworm, Birds, and Mammals -- Gypsy Moth, Birds, Mammals, and Beneficial Insects -- Rangeland Grasshoppers and Birds -- Crop-Feeding Aphids and Birds -- Crop-Feeding Caterpillars, Spiders, and Birds -- Tropical Forest Floor-Dwelling Insects, Lizards, and Birds -- Tropical Forest Insects, Bats, and Birds -- Aquatic Insects, Ducks, and Fish -- Predation of Animal Ectoparasites by Birds -- Introduction of Vertebrates for Biological Suppression of Insects.

HOW INSECTS AFFECT WILDLIFE SURVIVAL -- Predation by Insects on Wildlife -- Effects on Terrestrial Wildlife -- Effects on Aquatic Wildlife -- Symbiotic Relationships Between Insects and Wildlife -- The Benefits of Insects for Habitat Conservation -- The Benefits of Insects for Wildlife-Based Recreation -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Chapter 14: Insect and Wildlife Conservation -- OTHER ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF INSECTS -- Pollination -- Honey -- Silk Production (Sericulture) -- Shellac and Lacquer -- Dyes -- Food for Humans and Domestic Animals -- Medical Treatment -- CONSERVATION OF INSECTS, THE 'SMALLEST WILDLIFE' -- Conservation Status -- Advancing the Conservation of Insects -- Conservation of Bumble Bees -- Conservation of Butterflies -- Conservation of Beetles -- MANAGING INSECT RESOURCES FOR THE BENEFIT OF WILDLIFE -- Principles -- Practices -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READING -- Glossary -- Index.