Social Class, Language and Power: 'Letter to a Teacher': Lorenzo Milani and the School of Barbiana -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- FOREWORD -- DON MILANI, THE SCHOOL OF BARBIANA AND CRITICAL PEDAGOGY -- REFERENCES -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- LANGUAGE USE AND STYLE IN' LETTERA A UNA PROFESSORESSA -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE LANGUAGE OF SCHOOLING IN THE SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF THE LETTERA -- 3. THE LINGUISTIC CAPITAL OF THE STUDENTS OF BARBIANA -- 4. SYNTAX AND LEXIS OF THE LETTERA -- 5. TRANSLATING THE LETTERA INTO ENGLISH -- 6. CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LETTER TO A TEACHER -- PART ONE: COMPULSORY SCHOOLING CANNOT FAIL ITS STUDENTS -- MOUNTAIN PEOPLE -- The multiclass -- Compulsory schooling -- Barbiana -- The woods -- The tables -- The favourite one -- Break -- Peasants of the world -- Child teachers -- Politics or avarice -- THE TOWN BOYS -- Warped -- The young rooster -- The girls -- Sandro and Gianni -- The Little Matchstick Girl -- You do not know how to express yourself -- Without any distinction of language -- An obedient puppet -- The hospital -- THE EXAMS -- The rules of writing -- The knife in your hands -- The trap complex -- Owls, pebbles and fans -- The objective -- The means -- The Loirex castles -- Career-oriented at 12 years of age -- English -- Mathematics and sadism -- New labels -- A class of idiots -- The union of fathers -- The newspaper -- The Constitution -- Monti -- Hierarchy of priorities -- Unfortunate children -- Latin in Mugello -- THE NEW MEDIA -- In your hands -- The time-table -- Its realisation -- Opposition -- South Africa -- The Duty of elbowing -- Disarmed -- STATISTICS -- At a national level -- Unsuitable for studies -- The presumptuous teacher -- Gianni is millions -- The pyramid -- 1951 tracking down -- Prima elementare class -- Lost earnings -- The truants -- The failures.

Shooting in a bush -- The seconda elementare class -- Pierino -- Sour bread -- The mothers -- Priests and whores -- Fractions of equality -- Family cheques -- Peasants -- Mystery -- The lake -- The table in colour -- Nomads -- Getting old is forbidden -- There's no space -- Fail students -- The immature one -- The prima media class -- The placard -- The tragedy of the older ones -- The tragedy of the poor -- Receiving a pay-cheque -- The greengrocer -- The seconda media class -- The place of one's home -- A task that deserves four marks -- About whom is she talking? -- Compulsory -- Summary -- Father's profession -- BORN DIFFERENT? -- Cretins and unwilling -- Defending the race -- The children of the others -- Removing obstacles -- IT WAS YOUR JOB -- Passing the buck -- Gianni's father -- Substitutes -- Repetition classes -- The insignificant civil servant -- Onions -- Priests are better -- Freedom -- Fashion -- Defending the poor -- Let's all hug each other -- SELECTION IS USEFUL TO SOMEBODY -- Destiny or plan? -- The tax system -- Who stands to gain from this? -- Saying things clearly -- Poor Pierino -- THE MASTER -- Does he exist? -- Pierino's house -- It never rains but it pours -- Special -- He works for free -- Pierino's mother -- The lion's share -- SELECTION HAS REACHED ITS GOAL -- At university -- In the parties -- The candidates -- Parliament -- Black power -- P.I.L. -- FOR WHOM DO YOU DO IT? -- In good faith -- The Nazi -- Shyer than I am -- For the Honour of the school -- For the child himself -- For Justice -- For Society -- Equality -- THE REFORMS THAT WE PROPOSE -- The turner -- Lowest common denominator -- The aptitudes -- By contract -- You are Medieval -- Mathematics -- Less is necessary -- II. FULL-TIME -- To repeat -- Anti-classism -- An environment -- You must believe in it -- FULL-TIME AND FAMILY -- Celibacy -- Wife car job.

FULL-TIME AND TRADE UNION RIGHTS -- Memorable battles -- Strange privilege -- Nervous breakdown -- Strike -- WHO WILL HOLD FULL-TIME SCHOOLING? -- Careful with words -- The Local Council -- The Communists -- Priests -- The trade-unionists -- At least try -- FULL-TIME AND CONTENT -- Father Borghi -- Since there is nothing better -- Professional deformation -- The pressure of the poor -- III - A GOAL -- The school of priests -- The Communist school -- Wanted: an honest goal -- Final goal -- Immediate goal -- Classico and scientifico -- Sovereign -- The career-oriented -- Disappear -- Saving your soul -- PART TWO: AT THE MAGISTRALI YOU ALSO FAIL, BUT… -- ENGLAND -- The real exam -- Suez -- Pacifist -- Against a wall -- Either us or you -- Time schedule -- Calendar -- SUICIDAL SELECTION -- Forgetful -- Proud -- The compensation of the poor -- Maintained by others -- Potential Fascists -- Even blinder -- THE GOAL -- Bitter -- Misers -- Unhappy -- Calling somebody a teacher -- Closed school -- The rightful selection -- An eye on the goal -- The individual -- The Seminary -- School of Social Service -- Aiming high -- Unemployed teachers -- Caste -- THE CULTURE THAT ONE NEEDS -- Exodus -- Agricultural culture -- Alone like dogs -- Human culture -- THE CULTURE THAT YOU ASK FOR -- Latin -- Mathematics -- Philosophy -- Pedagogy -- Gospel -- Religion -- The Count -- History -- Civics -- The comments -- Untitled -- School of art -- A humble technique -- Laziness -- CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS -- Classwork -- Laziness and terror -- Personal opinions -- An intelligent question -- The second dead language -- Inaugurare -- Blackmail -- The art -- THE INFECTION -- A worm -- The doubt -- The outcast -- THE POST -- The language of the poor -- Religion -- Boiled sunflowers -- Apolitical -- In praise of lies -- Credit -- Annibal Caro -- DISINFECTION -- Superficial -- Revenge.

Second revenge -- We're waiting for a letter -- PART THREE: DOCUMENTATION -- NOTES TO TABLE A -- NOTES TO TABLE B -- NOTES TO TABLE C -- NOTES TO TABLE D -- NOTES TO TABLE E -- NOTES TO TABLE F -- NOTES AND COMMENTARY -- PART ONE P.31 -- INTRODUCTION P.34 -- COMPULSORY SCHOOLING CANNOT FAIL ITS STUDENT'S P.35 -- SHYNESS P.35 -- THE MULTICLASS P.36 -- COMPULSORY SCHOOLING P.36 -- BARBIANA P.36 -- THE WOODS P.37 -- THE TABLES P.37 -- THE FAVOURITE ONE P.37 -- BREAK P.38 -- PEASANTS OF THE WORLD P.38 -- CHILD TEACHERS P.38 -- POLITICS OR AVARICE P.39 -- THE GIRLS P.40 -- THE RULES OF WRITING P.44 -- THE TRAP COMPLEX P.45 -- THE OBJECTIVE P.46 -- THE MEANS P.46 -- MONTI P.50 -- UNFORTUNATE CHILDREN P.51 -- LATIN IN MUGELLO P.52 -- UNSUITABLE FOR STUDIES P.55 -- PIERINO P.60 -- THE TRAGEDY OF THE OLDER ONES P.68 -- REMOVING OBSTACLES P.77 -- GIANNI'S FATHER P.77 -- PRIESTS ARE BETTER P.80 -- FREEDOM P.80 -- FASHION P.81 -- LET'S ALL HUG EACH OTHER P.81 -- DESTINY OR PLAN? P.82 -- PIERINO'S MOTHER P.86 -- THE LION'S SHARE P.87 -- IN THE PARTIES P.88 -- BLACK POWER P.88 -- EQUALITY P.91 -- LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR P.92 -- YOU ARE MEDIEVAL P.93 -- ANTI-CLASSISM P.94 -- CELIBACY P.95 -- STRANGE PRIVILEGE P.97 -- CAREFUL WITH WORDS P.98 -- THE COMMUNISTS P.99 -- SOVEREIGN P.104 -- THE REAL EXAM P.108 -- SUEZ P.108 -- AGAINST A WALL P.109 -- EITHER US OR YOU P.109 -- BLIND P.113 -- THE INDIVIDUAL P.118 -- THE SEMINARY P.118 -- AGRICULTURAL CULTURE P.121 -- ALONE LIKE DOGS P.122 -- HUMAN CULTURE P.123 -- PEDAGOGY P.125 -- GOSPEL P.126 -- RELIGION P.126 -- HISTORY P.128 -- A HUMBLE TECHNIQUE P.131 -- PERSONAL OPINIONS P.133 -- THE ART P.136 -- THE DOUBT P.137 -- ALMS P.138 -- SUPERFICIAL P.141 -- SECOND REVENGE P.142 -- WE'RE WAITING FOR A LETTER P.142 -- REFERENCES -- EPILOGUE: DEFICIT MENTALITY AND THE NEED FOR SUBVERSION: REFLECTIONS ON MILANI -- REFERENCES.

INDEX.