INTERROGATIVITY: A COLLOQUIUM ON THE GRAMMAR, TYPOLOGY AND PRAGMATICS OF QUESTIONS IN SEVEN DIVERSE LANGUAGES -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- INTRODUCTION -- RUSSIAN -- 1. The Russian language -- 1.1 Genetic affiliation -- 1.2 Sociological status -- 1.3 Data sources -- 2. General grammatical features of Russian -- 2.1 Word order typology -- 2.2 Lack of articles -- copular sentences -- 2.3 Morphological typology -- 2.3.1 Nominal morphology -- 2.3.2 Verbal morphology -- 2.4 Topic-comment structure -- 2.5 Intonation -- 3. Syntax of interrogatives -- 3.1 General questions -- 3.1.1 General questions without a particle -- 3.1.2 General questions with a particle -- 3.1.2.1 General questions with the particle li -- 3.1.2.2 General questions with the particle razve -- 3.1.2.3 General questions with other particles -- 3.1.3 Alternative general questions -- 3.2 Special questions -- 3.2.1 Special questions in main clauses -- 3.2.2 Embedded special questions -- 3.2.3 Constraints on movement -- 3.3 Topic-only questions -- 3.4 Summary of the formal properties of Russian interrogatives -- 4. Pragmatics of interrogativity -- 4.1 Functional load of intonation -- 4.2 Other sentence-types used as questions -- 4.3 Secondary aspects of interrogativity -- 4.4 Negative questions -- 4.4.1 Function of negative questions -- 4.4.2 Answers to negative questions -- 4.5 Echo questions -- 4.6 Rhetorical questions -- 4.7 Topic-introducing questions -- 4.8 Questions used as directives -- 4.9 Politeness in questions and requests -- 4.10 Questions used as offers -- 5. Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- MANDARIN -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The genetic classification of Mandarin -- 2. Typological sketch -- 3. The structure of interrogative sentences -- 4. Embedded questions -- 5. The pragmatics of questions -- 6. Summary and conclusion -- NOTES.

REFERENCES -- GEORGIAN -- 1. The language -- 2. Some structural features of Georgian -- 3. The structure of questions -- 3.1. Direct questions in simple sentences -- 3.1.1. Yes/No questions -- 3.1.2. Content questions7 -- 3.1.3. Alternative questions -- 3.2. Direct questions with embedding -- 3.3. Indirect questions -- 3.4. Summary of question structures -- 3.5. Questions in Old Georgian -- 3.6. Accounting for Q-word placement in Georgian -- 3.6.1. The general case -- 3.6.2. Direct questions with embedding to modals -- 4. Pragmatics -- 4.1. Context, belief, and polarity -- 4.1.1. Context, negatives, and the variety of yes/no devices -- 4.1.2. Is xom a question particle? -- 4.1.3. Reversed vs. same polarity -- 4.2. What use are questions? -- 4.2.1. Peripheral uses -- 4.2.2. Questions as requests -- 4.2.3. Some conventionalized uses of questions -- 4.2. 4. Correlates of requests -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- BENGALI -- 1. Areal and genetic relationships -- 2. Orthography -- 3. Dialects -- 4. Verb Morphology -- 5. Nouns -- 6. Pronouns -- 7. Word order -- 8. Copula -- 9. Sounds and intonation -- 10. Questions -- 11. Different types of questions in Bengali -- 11.1 Q yes/no (produced by change in intonation, I or I and III) -- 11.2 Q Lexical Tag (produced by V) -- 11.3 Q Challenge Tag (produced by V) -- 11.4 Q Confirmatory Tag (produced by V) -- 11.5 Q Confirmatory Tag, with focus on addressee (produced by V) -- 11.6 Q Confirmatory Tag, with focus on state (produced by V) -- 11.7 Q Incomprehension (produced by I and IV) -- 11.8 Q Shock (produced by I and IV) -- 11.9 Q Echo Q (for confirming one or more words in a Q -- produced by I after someone else's use of IV) -- 11.10 Echo-response Q (in a state of confusion -- produced by I after someone else's use of I or IV or a statement) -- 11.11 K-Questioned quotation (WH- questioned quotation in English.

produced by I and K-word substitution in the process of quoting listener's statement). -- 11.12 Adverbial-Headed Q Yes/No or Q K- (produced by I or IV and use of adverbial) -- 11.13 Alternative Q with negative polarity (produced by I and use of negative polarity) -- 11.14 Rhetorical Q (produced by I or IV plus pragmatics that is different from that of Q Yes/No because the speaker is not really seeking information from the listener) -- 11.15 Polite imperative structured as Q Yes/No or Q K- (produced by I or IV plus pragmatics of imperative formation) -- 11.16 Vocal noise Q (produced by I) -- 11.17 Abbreviated Q (produced by I and IV and deletion) -- 11.18 Q with duplicated Q K-word (produced by IV plus duplication of Q K- word) -- 12. Q in sentence with relative clause -- 13. Q K-/ Q WH- and nominal structures -- 14. Conclusion -- NOTES -- JAPANESE -- 1. Background -- 1.1 Genetic affiliations -- 1.2 Dialect diversity -- 1.3 Writing -- 2. Description of Japanese -- 2.1 Morphology -- 2.1.1 Verbal morphology -- 2.1.1.1 Verbs -- 2.1.1.2 Adjectives -- 2.1.1.3 Nominal adjectives -- 2.1.1.4 Copula -- 2.1.2 Nominal morphology -- 2.2 Word order -- 2.2.1 Basic word orders -- 2.2.2 Scrambling -- 2.2.3 Postposing -- 2.3 Topic-comment -- 2.4 Honorific language -- 2.4.1 The axis of address -- 2.4.2 The axis of reference -- 2.5 Ellipsis -- 3. Question formation -- 3.1 Polite style -- 3.1.1 Yes-no questions -- 3.1.2 WH-questions -- 3.1.3 Alternative questions -- 3.1.4 Embedded questions -- 3.1.5 Embedded alternative questions -- 3.2 Nonpolite styles -- 3.2.1 Retention of final ka -- 3.2.2 Rising intonation -- 3.3 Other question particles -- 3.3.1 Kke -- 3.3.2 No -- 3.3.3 Kai -- 3.3.4 Dai -- 3.4 Echo questions -- 3.5 Self-directed questions -- 3.6 Truncated questions -- 3.7 Soliciting questions -- 4. Pragmatics of questions -- 4.1 Form of interchanges.

4.2 Politeness shifts -- 4.3 Negative questions and responses -- 4.4 Intonation -- 4.5 The scope of ka -- 4.6 Whimperatives -- 4.6.1 Verbs of giving and getting -- 4.6.2 Conditionals -- 4.6.3 Negative questions -- 4.6.4 Potentials -- 5. Conclusion -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- WEST GREENLANDIC -- 1. Background -- 1.1 The language and its speakers -- 1.2 General features of WG -- 1.3 Verb inflection -- 1.4 Noun inflection -- 1.5 Derivational morphology -- 1.6 Some basic principles of WG syntax -- 1.6.1 Sentence types -- 1.6.2 Transitive and intransitive sentences -- 1.6.3 Ergativity -- 1.6.4 Voice -- 1.6.5 Noun phrases -- 1.7 Word order -- 2. Questions -- 2.1 Question types -- 2.2 Interrogative mood -- 2.3 Interrogative words -- 2.3.1 'What' and 'who' -- 2.3.2 Other question words -- 2.4 Intonation -- 2.4.1 Normal intonation -- 2.4.2 Interrogative intonation -- 2.4.3 The distribution of interrogative intonation -- 2.5 Incorporated interrogative stems -- 2.6 Questions that are not in the interrogative mood -- 2.6.1 Verbless questions -- 2.6.2 Questions in other verbal moods -- 2.7 Questioning from subordinate clauses -- 2.8 Word order in questions -- 3. Answering questions inWG -- 3.1 Answers to question-word questions -- 3.2 Answers to yes-no questions -- 3.3 IIa and its relatives -- 4. Conclusions -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- UTE -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The Utes -- 1.2 Short typological characterization -- 1.2.1 Word-order typology -- 1.2.2 Morphology of case-marking -- 1.2.3 Gender, number and referentiality -- 2. Yes/no questions -- 2.1 Affirmative yes/no questions -- 2.2 Word-order and the pragmatic focus of yes/no questions -- 2.2.1 Preliminaries -- 2.2.2 Narrow focus of yes/no questions -- 2.2.3 Negative yes/no questions -- 2.2.3.1 Negation in Ute -- 2.2.3.2 Negative yes/no questions -- 2.2.3.3 Use of negative yes/no questions as polite requests.

3. WH-questions -- 3.1 WH-pronouns -- 3.2 Animacy, plurality and referentiality -- 3.3 WH-questions in the various case-roles -- 3.3.1 Predicate questions -- 3.3.2 Direct object questions -- 3.3.3 Indirect object questions -- 3.3.4 Benefactive object questions -- 3.3.5 Manner adverb questions -- 3.3.6 Sentential complement questions -- 3.3.7 Time questions -- 3.3.8 Questions of external cause/reason -- 3.3.9 Questions of internal motivation -- 3.4 Quantifier questions -- 3.4.1 Subject quantity questions -- 3.4.2 Object quantity questions -- 3.4.3 Quantifying questions of adjectival qualities -- 3.4.4 Quantifying questions of stative/adjectival verbs -- 3.4.5 Quantifying questions of manner adverbs -- 3.5 Alternative syntactic patterns for WH-questions -- 3.5.1 The topicalized WH-pattern -- 3.5.2 The cleft WH-pattern -- 3.5.3. The pseudo-cleft WH-pattern -- 3.6. Scalarity in non-referential questions -- 3.7. Questions of identification out of a restricted set -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- THE SPEECH-ACT CONTINUUM -- 1. Preamble -- 2. Prototypical vs. atypical speech acts -- 3. Japanese speech-act suffixes and the declarative-to-interrogative continuum -- 4. Relevance -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- PLENARY SESSION -- GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX.