Broadband Wireless Access and Local Networks Mobile WiMAX and WiFi -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Preliminaries -- 1.1 Wireless Communication Channel Characteristics -- 1.1.1 Channel Gain -- 1.1.2 Fading -- 1.1.3 Channel Reinforcing Techniques -- 1.2 Frequency Spectrum for Wireless Communications -- 1.2.1 Frequency Spectrum for WiMAX -- 1.2.2 Frequency Spectrum for WiFi -- 1.3 Standardization History -- 1.3.1 IEEE 802.16/WiMAX Standardization -- 1.3.2 IEEE 802.11/WiFi Standardization -- 1.4 Mobile WiMAX Versus WiFi -- 1.4.1 Mobile WiMAX: Broadband Wireless Access Networks -- 1.4.2 WiFi: Wireless Local Area Networks -- 1.4.3 Similarities and Differences -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Part I: Mobile WiMAX: Broadband WirelessAccess Network -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX Networks -- 2.1 Key Network Technologies -- 2.1.1 Duplexing: TDD -- 2.1.2 Multiple Access: OFDMA -- 2.1.3 Coding and Modulation -- 2.1.4 Multiple Antennas -- 2.1.5 Bandwidth Management -- 2.1.6 Retransmission: HARQ -- 2.1.7 Mobility Management -- 2.1.8 Security Management -- 2.2 Protocol Layering -- 2.2.1 Service-Specific Convergence Sublayer -- 2.2.2 MAC Common Part Sublayer -- 2.2.3 Security Sublayer -- 2.2.4 Physical Layer -- 2.3 Network Architecture -- 2.3.1 Network Reference Model -- 2.3.2 Functional Entities -- 2.3.3 Reference Points -- 2.4 Mobile WiMAX Versus Cellular Mobile Networks -- 2.4.1 Evolution of Cellular Mobile Networks -- 2.4.2 Comparison of Mobile WiMAX and Cellular Mobile Networks -- 2.4.3 Mobile WiMAX to Cellular Mobile Network Interworking -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 3 Network Initialization and Maintenance -- 3.1 Network Discovery -- 3.1.1 Scanning -- 3.1.2 Synchronization -- 3.1.3 Parameter Acquisition -- 3.2 Network Initialization -- 3.2.1 Initial Ranging.

3.2.2 Basic Capabilities Negotiation -- 3.2.3 Authorization and Key Exchange -- 3.2.4 Registration -- 3.2.5 Establishing Connections -- 3.3 Connection Setup -- 3.3.1 Basic Connection Setup -- 3.3.2 QoS and Bandwidth Allocation -- 3.4 Nonconnected State -- 3.4.1 Sleep Mode -- 3.4.2 Idle Mode -- 3.5 Paging -- 3.6 Mobility -- 3.6.1 Nonconnected-State Mobility -- 3.6.2 Connected-State Mobility-Handover -- 3.7 Maintenance -- 3.7.1 Synchronization -- 3.7.2 Periodic Ranging -- 3.7.3 Power Control -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 4 OFDMA PHY Framework -- 4.1 OFDMA Communication Signal Processing -- 4.1.1 Encoding and Modulation -- 4.1.2 Subcarrier Mapping and Transform -- 4.1.3 Transmit Processing -- 4.1.4 OFDMA System Parameters -- 4.2 Channel Coding and HARQ -- 4.2.1 Convolutional Code -- 4.2.1 Convolutional Code -- 4.2.2 Convolutional Turbo Code (CTC) -- 4.2.3 Hybrid ARQ -- 4.3 OFDMA Frame Structuring -- 4.3.1 OFDMA Slots and Bursts -- 4.3.2 OFDMA Frame -- 4.3.3 FCH and DL/UL MAPs -- 4.3.4 Burst Profiles -- 4.4 Subchannelization -- 4.4.1 DL PUSC -- 4.4.2 DL FUSC -- 4.4.3 UL PUSC -- 4.4.4 DL/UL AMC -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chatper 5 MAC Framework -- 5.1 MAC Service-Specific Convergence Sublayer -- 5.1.1 Classification Functions -- 5.1.2 MAC SDU and CS PDU Formats -- 5.1.3 PHS Functions -- 5.2 MAC Common Part Sublayer -- 5.2.1 MAC CPS Functions -- 5.2.2 Addressing and Connections -- 5.2.3 MAC Management Messages -- 5.2.4 MAC PDU Formats -- 5.2.5 Construction and Transmission of MAC PDU -- 5.3 ARQ -- 5.3.1 ARQ Block Processing -- 5.3.2 ARQ Feedback -- 5.3.3 ARQ Operation -- Reference -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 6 Bandwidth Management and QoS -- 6.1 Scheduling and Data Delivery Services -- 6.1.1 Scheduling Services -- 6.1.2 Data Delivery Services -- 6.2 Bandwidth Request and Allocation -- 6.2.1 Requests.

6.2.2 Grants -- 6.2.3 Polling -- 6.3 QoS -- 6.3.1 Service Flows and Classes -- 6.3.2 QoS Messages and Parameters -- 6.3.3 QoS-Related Network Elements -- 6.3.4 Service Flow Setup/Release Procedures -- 6.3.5 Scheduling, CAC, and Policing -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 7 Mobility Support -- 7.1 Cellular Concept -- 7.1.1 Intercell Interference Management -- 7.1.2 Handover Management -- 7.2 Handover Procedure -- 7.2.1 Network Topology Acquisition -- 7.2.2 Handover Execution -- 7.2.3 Soft Handover -- 7.3 Power Saving -- 7.3.1 Sleep Mode -- 7.3.2 Idle Mode -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 8 Security Control -- 8.1 Fundamentals of Cryptography and Information Security -- 8.1.1 Cryptography -- 8.1.2 Encrypted Communication -- 8.1.3 Ciphers and Hash Functions -- 8.1.4 Practical Cryptographic Systems -- 8.1.5 Additional Security Components -- 8.1.6 Mobile WiMAX Security Overview -- 8.2 Security System Architecture -- 8.2.1 Security Association -- 8.2.2 Encapsulation -- 8.2.3 Authentication -- 8.2.4 Key Management -- 8.3 Key Management -- 8.3.1 PKMv1 -- 8.3.2 PKMv2 -- 8.3.3 State Machines for Key Exchange -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 9 Multiple Antenna Technology -- 9.1 Fundamentals of Multiple Antenna Technology -- 9.1.1 Multiple Antenna Techniques -- 9.1.2 Capacity of MIMO Channels -- 9.1.3 System Models -- 9.2 Open-Loop Technology -- 9.2.1 Transmit Diversity -- 9.2.2 Spatial Multiplexing -- 9.2.3 Mobile WiMAX Examples -- 9.3 Closed-Loop Technology -- 9.3.1 Precording -- 9.3.2 Multiuser MIMO -- 9.4 MIMO Receiver Algorithms -- 9.4.1 Maximum Likelihood Detection -- 9.4.2 Linear Detection -- 9.4.3 Near-Optimal Algorithms -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 10 WiBro: The First Mobile WiMAX System -- 10.1 WiBro Network Configuration -- 10.1.1 WiBro Network Architecture -- 10.1.2 ASN-GW.

10.1.3 RAS (or BS) -- 10.1.4 CSN Servers -- 10.2 WiBro System Requirements -- 10.2.1 Requirements on Radio Access -- 10.2.2 Requirements on Networks and Services -- 10.2.3 Requirements on ACR and CSN -- 10.2.4 Requirements on RAS -- 10.3 RAS System Design -- 10.3.1 RAS Architecture -- 10.3.2 RAS Functions -- 10.4 ACR System Design -- 10.4.1 ACR Architecture -- 10.4.2 ACR Functions -- 10.5 Access Network Deployment -- 10.5.1 Access Network Planning -- 10.5.2 RNP Case Studies -- 10.5.3 Access Network Implementation and Optimization -- 10.6 Other Network Elements Deployment -- 10.6.1 Core Network Planning -- 10.6.2 Servers and Other Elements -- 10.7 WiBro Services -- 10.7.1 Service Platform -- 10.7.2 Core Application Services -- 10.7.3 Other Major Services -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Part II: WiFi: Wireless Local Area Networks -- Chapter 11 Introduction to WiFi Networks -- 11.1 Network Architecture -- 11.1.1 Ad Hoc Network -- 11.1.2 Infrastructure Network -- 11.1.3 Distribution System (DS) and Extended Service Set (ESS) -- 11.2 Reference Model -- 11.3 Layer Interactions -- 11.3.1 MAC Message Types -- 11.3.2 Interaction Between MAC and PHY -- 11.3.3 Interaction Between MAC and IEEE 802.2 LLC -- 11.3.4 Interaction Between MAC and IEEE 802.1D MAC Bridge -- 11.4 Key Technologies -- 11.4.1 Multiple Access, Duplexing, and MAC -- 11.4.2 Multiple Transmission Rate Support -- 11.4.3 Power-Saving Schemes -- 11.4.4 Mobility Support -- 11.4.5 Access Control and Confidentiality Support -- 11.4.6 Spectrum and Transmit Power Management -- 11.4.7 Traffic Differentiation and QoS Support -- References -- Selected Bibliography -- Chapter 12 PHY Protocols -- 12.1 IEEE 802.11 PHY Operations -- 12.1.1 Frame Transmission -- 12.1.2 Frame Reception -- 12.1.3 CCA Operations -- 12.2 IEEE 802.11a OFDM PHY in 5 GHz -- 12.2.1 Modulation and Coding Schemes.

12.2.2 OFDM PLCP Sublayer -- 12.2.3 Physical Medium-Dependent (PMD) Operations -- 12.2.4 Reduced-Clock Operations -- 12.3 IEEE 802.11b HR/DSSS PHY in 2.4 GHz -- 12.3.1 PLCP Sublayer -- 12.3.2 Modulation Schemes -- 12.3.3 PMD Operations -- 12.4 IEEE 802.11g ER PHY in 2.4 GHz -- 12.4.1 Mandatory and Optional Modes -- 12.4.2 Coexistence with IEEE 802.11b -- References -- Chapter 13 Baseline MAC Protocol -- 13.1 MAC Frame Formats -- 13.1.1 General Frame Format -- 13.1.2 Data Frames -- 13.1.3 Control Frames -- 13.1.4 Management Frames -- 13.2 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) -- 13.2.1 CSMA/CA Basic Access Procedure -- 13.2.2 Interframe Spaces (IFSs) -- 13.2.3 Virtual Carrier Sensing -- 13.2.4 Recovery Via ARQ -- 13.2.5 RTS/CTS -- 13.2.6 Fragmentation -- 13.2.7 Throughput Performance -- 13.3 Point Coordination Function (PCF) -- 13.3.1 CFP Structure and Timing -- 13.3.2 Basic Access Procedure -- 13.4 Other MAC Operations -- 13.4.1 Unicast Versus Multicast Versus Broadcast -- 13.4.2 Multirate Support -- 13.5 MAC Management -- 13.5.1 Time Synchronization -- 13.5.2 Power Management -- 13.5.3 (Re)association -- 13.5.4 Management Information Base -- References -- Chapter 14 QoS Provisioning -- 14.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.11e -- 14.1.1 Limitations of Baseline MAC -- 14.2 Key Concepts -- 14.2.1 Prioritized Versus Parameterized QoS -- 14.2.2 Traffic Identifier (TID) -- 14.2.3 Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) -- 14.2.4 QoS Control Field -- 14.3 IEEE 802.11e Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) -- 14.3.1 Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) -- 14.3.2 HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) -- 14.4 Admission Control and Scheduling -- 14.4.1 TS Operations -- 14.4.2 Information Elements for TS -- 14.4.3 Admission Control and Scheduling Policies -- 14.5 Other Optional Features -- 14.5.1 Direct Link Setup (DLS) -- 14.5.2 Block Ack.

14.5.3 Automatic Power Save Delivery (APSD).