Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Section I Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Course -- Chapter 1 Autism and the Autism Spectrum: Diagnostic Concepts -- Issues in Diagnosis and Classification -- Development of Autism as a Diagnostic Concept -- Related Diagnostic Concepts -- Comorbidity -- Barriers to Service -- Diagnosing ASD in 2013 and Beyond -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 2 The Broader Autism Phenotype -- Historical Perspective of the Broader Autism Phenotype -- Domains of the BAP -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 3 Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Introduction -- Prevalence Estimates -- Time Trends in Prevalence and their Interpretation -- Correlates of ASDs in Epidemiological Surveys -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 4 Outcomes in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Studies of Outcome in Adult Life -- Childhood Predictors of Adult Outcome -- Interventions in Adulthood -- Mental Health -- Mortality and Life Expectancy -- Deterioration in Adulthood -- Assessing Quality of Life in Autism -- Implications for Future Research -- Cross-References -- References -- Section II Development and Behavior -- Chapter 5 ASD in Infants and Toddlers -- Symptoms of ASD in Early Childhood -- Early Diagnosis -- Symptoms of ASD in the Second and Third Years of Life -- Prodromal Symptoms of ASD in the First Year of Life -- Conclusion and Future Directions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 6 School-Age Children With ASD -- Introduction -- School-Age ASD Prevalence and General Characteristics -- Social Functioning -- Cognitive-Academic Functioning -- Summary and Conclusions -- Cross-References -- References.

Chapter 7 Issues and Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorders During Adolescence and Beyond -- Preface -- Introduction -- Educational Assessment -- Transition to a Functional Curriculum for Individuals with Greater Support Needs -- Employment -- Transition to College -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 8 Adults With Autism -- Introduction -- Developmental Course and Prognosis -- Transitions -- Clinical Issues -- Common Treatment Targets -- Treatments and Services for Adults -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 9 Social Development in Autism -- Introduction -- Assessment and Classification of Social Dysfunction -- Developmental Processes in Typical Social Development -- Developmental Trajectory -- Intervention -- Future Directions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 10 Language and Communication in Autism -- The Study of Language Development in Typical Populations -- The Acquisition of Linguistic Structures -- Communication and Development in Autism -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 11 Play Development in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Skills, Object Play, and Interventions -- Play in Typical Development -- Play Characteristics of Children with Autism -- Functional Play in Children with Autism: Level, Type, and Frequency -- Symbolic Play in Children with Autism -- Theories Behind Functional and Symbolic Play Skill Deficits -- Shared Object Play in Children with Autism -- Interventions Targeting Play Skills in Children with Autism -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 12 Imitation in Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Roles of Imitation in Development -- Imitation in ASD: Findings -- Theories of Imitation -- Intervention Strategies -- Conclusions and Future Direction -- Cross-References -- References.

Chapter 13 Neuropsychological Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Sensory Perception -- Attention -- Memory -- Executive Functions -- Intellectual Ability Profiles -- Future Directions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 14 Autism and Emotion -- Conceptual Issues -- Systematic Studies of the Early Years -- Later Childhood and Adolescence -- Further Perspectives -- Conclusions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 15 Motor Control and Motor Learning Processes in Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Overview of Motor Control and Motor Learning Processes -- Bridging Theories of Motor Control and Motor Learning with Research in ASD -- Recommendations for Clinical Interventions and Future Directions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 16 Sensory Features in Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Introduction -- Description, Prevalence,and Specificity of Sensory Features -- Neuropsychological Perspectives on Sensory Features -- Psychophysical and Physiological Perspectives on Sensory Features -- Developmental Perspectives on Sensory Features -- Associations with other Features of ASD -- Functional Impact and Adaptive Outcomes -- Approach to Clinical Assessment -- Considerations for Intervention -- Conclusions -- Cross-References -- References -- Section III Neurobiology and Medical Issues -- Chapter 17 Genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Changing Concepts of Autism -- Genetic Advances -- Quantifying Effects -- Twin Studies -- Single Gene Disorders and Their Possible Reversibility -- Molecular Genetics Findings -- Genetic Leads on Biological Pathways to ASD -- Environmental Influences -- Clinical Implications -- Cross-References -- References.

Chapter 18 Environmental Factors in the Preconception and Prenatal Periods in Relation to Risk for ASD -- Introduction -- Environmental Chemicals -- Maternal Lifestyle Factors -- Medically Related Factors -- Proxies for Environmental Exposures -- Summary and Future Directions -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 19 Biochemical Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder -- Introduction -- Serotonin -- CSF 5-HIAA -- Dopamine -- CSF HVA -- Stress Response System -- Melatonin -- Sex and Thyroid Hormones -- Oxytocin and other Neuropeptides -- Amino Acids and Acetylcholine -- Purines and Related Compounds -- Immune-Related Measures -- Oxidative Stress/Redox Status -- Omic Research -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 20 The Social Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorder -- Introduction -- Neural Systems for Social Perception, Action Understanding, and Mental State Reasoning -- Connectivity in Neural Systems for Social Information Processing -- Translational Directions -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 21 The Neuropathology of Autism -- Early History -- Modern History -- Recent Studies -- Brain Weight -- Gliosis -- Brainstem -- Cerebellum -- Cerebral Cortex -- Asperger Syndrome -- Expected Pathology -- A Triple hit Hypothesis -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Chapter 22 Medical Care in Autism and Related Conditions -- Challenges in Providing Healthcare for Individuals with ASD -- Medical Conditions Frequently Associated with Autism -- Frequent Medical Issues and Problems -- Age-Related Health-Care Issues -- School-Aged Children -- Adolescents and Adults -- Helping Medical Visits be Successful -- Immunizations and Autism -- The Role of the Primary Care Provider and the Medical home Model -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References.

Chapter 23 Psychopharmacology -- Introduction -- Atypical Antipsychotics -- Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors -- Stimulants -- Stimulant Treatment Studies of ADHD in Developmentally Disabled Populations -- Nonstimulant Medications for Hyperactivity in ASD -- Miscellaneous Compounds -- Future Directions -- Conclusions -- Cross-References -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.