Technical Issues in NOAA's Nautical Chart Program -- Copyright -- Preface -- BACKGROUND -- COMMITTEE COMPOSITION AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY -- HOW THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED -- ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- CONTEXT -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Overview of the Nautical Charting Mission -- AUTOMATED NAUTICAL CHARTING SYSTEM (ANCS II) AND SUPER2 COMPUTER-ASSISTED REVISION SYSTEM/ COMPUTER-... -- CONCERNS ABOUT NAUTICAL CHARTING ACTIVITIES -- ERA OF CHANGE -- 2 Evolution of Information Needs and Products -- CUSTOMERS AND THEIR NEEDS -- Traditional Users -- Nontraditional Users -- DIGITAL CHART SYSTEMS -- DATABASE REQUIREMENTS -- Source Data Collection and Validation -- Database Maintenance -- Chart and Data Production -- Certification and Quality Assurance -- Marketing and Distribution -- 3 Technical Considerations -- PAPER AND RASTER CHARTS -- POPULATING THE VECTOR DATABASE -- DATA PERISHABILITY -- DATA STANDARDS -- COMMERCIAL OFF-THE-SHELF AND OPEN SYSTEMS -- Migration Planning -- Hardware -- Software -- Other System Elements -- Open-System Design Philosophy -- SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT CAPABILITIES -- 4 Technical Path to an Open System -- CURRENT SOFTWARE TOOLS -- PATH FORWARD -- Task Management -- Source Logging -- Source Evaluation -- Vector Database Management -- On-Line Data Warehouse -- Output Management -- EXAMPLES OF ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS -- COMMENTS ON THE NOAA MODERNIZATION PLAN -- 5 Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations -- SUMMARY -- FINDINGS -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- APPENDICES -- APPENDIX A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- APPENDIX B Production Modernization Plan -- APPENDIX C Management Guidelines for Future System Development Projects -- INTRODUCTION -- QUALIFIED MANAGEMENT AND STAFF -- ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS.

LIFE-CYCLE COST ASSESSMENT -- NOAA'S ROLES AND MISSIONS -- SYSTEMS ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT APPROACH -- Developmental Approaches -- Training Requirements -- APPENDIX D Data Formats and Chart Systems -- DATA FORMATS -- Vector Product Format -- Digital Nautical Chart -- CHART SYSTEMS -- Electronic Chart System -- Electronic Chart Display and Information System -- APPENDIX E Estimate of Costs for Building a Database -- INTRODUCTION -- ANALYSIS -- IMPACTS TO NOAA -- References.