The contents of this book pay particular attention to the different length-scales (macro, micro and nano) as related to obtaining a deeper understanding of the structure-property relationships of polymeric nanocomposite materials. They cover major findings and observations related to the morphological, interfacial, processing response, physical and thermophysical properties of multiphase polymers and polymer composite systems: from macro to nano length-scales. The presentation is organised around three areas: Multiscale modelling and simulation - Design and advanced characterisation - Processing, application and recycling.